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CASE STUDY

A manufacturing company has introduced advanced robots to automate its assembly line. The
robots are designed with three main blocks: mechanical, electronic and computational. The
mechanical block includes components like motors and actuators, allowing the robots to move
and interact with objects. The electronic block consists of sensors and microcontrollers, helping
the robots to detect their environment, such as the presence of objects and their distance. The
computational block, made up of algorithms and software, controls the robots' actions and
decision-making. While the robots have significantly improved production speed and precision,
In an automotive plant, robots perform tasks like welding and assembly. They work autonomously,
the company has started to notice limitations. The robots are unable to adapt quickly to tasks
using sensors and AI to complete tasks with precision. However, robots have limitations, such
outside their programming and are not effective in handling changes in production requirements.
as lack of creativity and high costs. Robots improve speed and efficiency but can’t adapt to
The factory has to halt production whenever there is a change in the assembly process, requiring
unexpected situations. Malfunctions or errors in programming can cause production delays.
the robots to be reprogrammed. This issue results in downtime and loss of efficiency.
Regular maintenance is expensive.

Based on the above case answer the following questions:

1. How do the mechanical, electronic and computational blocks of robots contribute to their
functionality in an assembly line?

2. What challenges might the company face due to the robots' limited flexibility?

3. How can the company improve the robots’ ability to adapt to new tasks?

People who are skilled in robotics can pursue careers in emerging fields such as Swarm
Robotics, Biomedical Engineering, Human–Robot Interaction and Soft Robotics.

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