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    Why is Polarity Important?

                     Polarity is important because electricity flows in one direction, from the

                     positive (+) side to the negative (-) side of the battery. If we connect
                     the battery the wrong way (reverse polarity), the device may not work

                     properly or could get damaged.

                     How to Identify Battery Polarity?

                     To iderntify battery's polarity, there are two signs at both the

                     ends of a battery called its terminal.

                     Positive (+) Terminal: Usually has a plus sign on it or is slightly

                     raised.

                     Negative (-) Terminal: Usually has a minus sign on it or is flat.

                     Always make sure you connect the positive end to the positive side of the

                     device and the negative end to the negative side to make sure it works
                     correctly.

                     Introduction to Close Circuit and Open Circuit

                     An open circuit is when there is a break in the path that electricity needs

                     to flow through. It means that the electricity cannot travel because the
                     path is not complete.

                     Working Principle

                     An open circuit works on the following principle:

                        • In an open circuit, something is disconnected (like a switch

                        is off or a wire is broken), so electricity stops flowing.

                        • No power can reach the device, so the device won’t work.

                     Example

                                                            Think of a flashlight. When the switch is off,

                                                            the circuit is open, and the light doesn’t turn
                                                            on because the electricity cannot reach the

                                                            bulb.

                                                                                      Understanding the Circuits  29

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