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• The buzzer stops making sound when the circuit is switched off or when the
potentiometer is turned all the way down.

This activity teaches you how sound can be controlled with electricity and how

different components in a circuit, like a potentiometer, can adjust the amount
of power a part like a buzzer receives, which affects the sound it makes.

Application

You may have noticed a knob on a car radio that

allows you to switch between different frequencies.
As you rotate the knob, the frequency changes,
which in turn changes the radio channel. This works

because the knob adjusts the radio’s tuner, allowing
it to pick up signals from various broadcast stations.

What is Motor?

A motor is a small machine that turns

electricity into motion. It’s like a tiny engine
that helps things move. You can find motors

in toys, fans, and even in robots. The motor
spins when electricity flows through it, making parts move and creating fun
actions like wheels turning or fans spinning.

Understanding Polarity in a DC Motor

Polarity means the direction electricity flows, like which way is “up” and “down”

for the motor. A DC motor has two ends called positive (+) and negative (-).

• If you connect the positive end of the battery to the positive end of the
motor and the negative to the negative, the motor will spin in one direction.

• If you switch the connections, the motor will spin the other way.
• This is how polarity works—it tells the motor which way to turn. So, changing

the way you connect the battery can change the direction of the motor’s
spin.

Understanding Circuits and Electronics 43