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    Concepts

                        Electric Circuits and Motors: Students will discover how electrical energy
                        from the battery powers the DC motor, making the car’s wheels turn. This

                        helps them understand how electrical energy is transformed into mechanical
                        motion.

                        Switch Control and Motion: The switch enables Students to decide when

                        the car should move or stop by either completing or interrupting the circuit.
                        This introduces them to the concept of simple circuits and the role of switches
                        in electronic devices.

                     Observations

                     In the basic car activity, Students will see the car move straight when the switch
                     is turned on, allowing electricity to energize the motor. They will observe that
                     the car stops when the switch is turned off, breaking the circuit, and halting

                     the motor. This activity offers a hands-on experience of how electric motors
                     operate, how energy is transferred, and how switches can control devices.

                     Construct a Power Press Machine

                     A Power Press Machine is commonly used for cutting, bending, and shaping

                     materials  like  metal.  The  mechanism  that  drives  the  press can  be  designed
                     using screws and gears for smooth, powerful, and controlled motion.

                     1. Motor Drive

                            The  machine  is powered  by  an  electric  motor.  The  motor  provides
                            rotational motion which is then transferred to other parts of the press.

                     2. Gear Mechanism

                            The motor shaft is connected to a large gear, which drives a smaller gear.

                            The  smaller  gear  has  more  teeth,  allowing  it  to  increase  torque  while
                            decreasing speed.

                            Another  gear  set  can  further  reduce  speed and  increase  torque  if
                            necessary, depending on the force required by the press machine.

                     3. Lead Screw Mechanism

                            The lead screw is threaded, and as it rotates, it pushes or pulls a ram (the

                            pressing component) up or down, depending on the direction of rotation.

                                                           Building Simple Robots using Block-based Construction Kit  23

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