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This direction is vital, as connecting devices the wrong way can prevent them
from working correctly.

What are Conductors and Insulators?

Conductors are materials that allow electricity to flow through them easily, like
highways. Metals like copper, aluminium, and gold are excellent conductors,
which is why they’re used in wires and circuits.

Example: The metal part of a plug is a conductor that carries electricity from

the outlet to your device, enabling it to work.

Insulators are materials that don’t allow electricity to flow through them
easily, acting like walls that block electricity. Common insulators include
rubber, plastic, and glass. They safeguard us by keeping electricity in the

correct locations.

Example: The plastic coating around a wire is an insulator that prevents you
from getting shocked when you touch the wire.

Introduction to Open and Closed Circuits

Closed Circuit: A closed circuit is a
complete loop or circle where electricity

can travel all the way around without any
gaps. When the path is complete, electricity

flows, and devices work properly.

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