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15. 3 JUMPER 2

16. DIODE 1 17. DC BATTERY 1

18. FAN 1 19. USB CABLE 1

20. BATTERY OTG
1 21. JUMPER WIRE 2
SOCKET

23. MAGNET BASE
22. BUTTON 4 1
PLATE

Introduction to Simple Circuits

Let's learn the basics of LEDs and motors in simple circuits, exploring how

LEDs emit light and how motors convert electrical energy into motion to power
various devices.

LED (Light Emitting Diode)

• LEDs are small electronic device that
emit light when an electric current passes

through them.
• LEDs have two leads (terminal): the longer lead is the positive (anode) and

the shorter lead is the negative (cathode).
• LED come in various colours.

Motor

A motor is a compact device that converts
electrical energy into kinetic motion. Think

of it as a miniature power source that drives
machinery. You will commonly find motors in
toys, fans, and advance robots. When electricity flows through a motor, it

rotates, generating a range of movements like wheels turning or fans spinning.

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