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    Circuit Operation

                      When the circuit is powered on, the 7805 IC regulates the voltage
                      from the 9V battery to a stable +5V output, powering the LED and
                      causing it to glow.

                      Concept

                        Basic Concepts of Electricity: Understanding electric current,
                         voltage, and resistance.

                        Simple  Circuits:  Learning  to  create  simple  circuits  using  a
                         breadboard.
                        Use of Breadboards: Learning how to assemble and connect components on a breadboard.

                        Ohm’s Law: Calculating voltage, current, and resistance (V = IR) as part of understanding how
                         circuits function.

                        Hands-on Skills: Students gain practical experience in assembling circuits and troubleshooting
                         issues.

                      Observations

                      In the “Glow Your LED” activity using a breadboard, students can observe that when they connect
                      the LED correctly with a power source and resistor, it lights up. They will notice how the longer leg
                      (anode) of the LED connects to the positive side, while the shorter leg (cathode) connects to the
                      negative side. If the LED doesn’t light up, checking the connections, orientation, and resistor value
                      will help troubleshoot the circuit. This hands-on experience reinforces concepts of electrical circuits
                      and component functions!

                      Applications

                      Indicator Lights: LEDs are commonly used as indicator lights in electronic
                      devices  and  appliances  as  indicators,  such  as  power  on/off,  battery
                      charging, etc.
                                                     Decorative Lighting: LED glow circuits are widely used in decorative
                                                     lights, such  as  for  Diwali  decorations,  architectural  lighting,  and
                                                     fancy lights at homes, restaurants, and entertainment venues.

                      Troubleshooting Tips

                      1. Ensure that the battery voltage is more than 6 volts.
                      2. Ensure that the wires of the battery cap are properly inserted into the breadboard. The red wire
                         should be inserted into the first row, and the black wire into the second row of the breadboard.

                      3. Ensure that there are no loose connections.

                           18    RoboGenius (V1.0)-VII

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