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Mechanical and Electronic Components Used in Robotics

Robots are made up of various mechanical and electronic components, which work together to make
them function. Here’s a look at the most common ones:

Mechanical Components

Frame: The skeleton of the robot that holds everything together. This
could be made of plastic, metal, or other materials.
Motors: These are the actuators that move the robot. For example, a
DC motor can rotate wheels or move arms.

Gears and Pulleys: These helps control the speed, direction, and force
with which the robot moves in different directions.

Wheels and Tracks: Wheels allow a robot to move around on flat surfaces, while tracks can help
navigate rough terrain.

Electronic Components

Microcontroller: This is the brain of the robot, often a small computer like
Arduino, etc. It processes input from sensors and controls the actuators.

Sensors: Devices like LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) or ultrasonic
sensors that allow robots to interact with their environment.

LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes): Used to indicate status
or feedback to the user (e.g., power on/off, errors).

Batteries: A power source for the robot to function.

Why Do We Use These Components?

Mechanical parts provide strength and helps in movement in various directions.

Electronic parts handle decision-making and control, allowing the robot to perform tasks.

Electronics

Electronics is the study and use of devices that control the flow of electricity, such as circuits,
wires, and components like resistors, LEDs, and batteries. It involves creating systems that power
gadgets, from phones to TVs.
To build and understand robots, you need to know some basic concepts of electronics. Here’s a quick
introduction:

Introduction to Robotics and Electronics 9