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Power Source: Every electronic device requires a source of energy to function, which can either
be a battery or electricity from a power outlet. Most robots typically operate on a DC power
supply, such as a battery.
Charges: In simple terms, charge refers to the property of matter that causes it to experience a
force when near another charged object. There are two types of charges: positive and negative.
Current: The flow of electrical charge through a conductor (like a wire). It’s measured in
amperes (A).
Voltage: This is the “push” that drives the current through the circuit.
Think of it like the pressure in a water pipe. It’s measured in volts (V).
Circuits: A circuit is a closed loop that allows electricity to flow. In
robotics, circuits are built to connect components like motors, sensors,
and LEDs to a power source.
Types of Circuits
Closed Circuit: When the loop is complete, and current flows. Imagine a
switch turned on – the circuit is closed.
Open Circuit: When the loop is broken, and no current flows. Imagine a
switch turned off – the circuit is open.
Breadboard
A breadboard is a tool used to build and test circuits without soldering, making it perfect for
beginners in electronics. Breadboards allow you to easily experiment with electronic components,
wires, and circuits before building a permanent version.
Why Use a Breadboard?
No need to solder, which means components can be reused.
It’s a simple and safe way to experiment with different circuit designs.
Breadboard Layout
Rows and Columns: The holes on the breadboard are arranged in rows
and columns. Components and wires can be inserted into these holes to
create circuits.
Power Rails: Long rows on the sides of the breadboard, usually marked
with a red (+) and blue (-) line. These are used to connect the power
supply.
Connection Strips: The holes in the center of the board are connected
in rows. When you insert a wire or component into a hole, it connects
to everything else in that row.
10 RoboGenius (V1.0)-VII
