Page 59 - Robotics and AI class 10
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• The Da Vinci surgical system: This is an example of the Master-Slave Cobot. It has Robotic arms that translate
the surgeon’s hand movements into smaller and more precise actions for less invasive surgical procedures. Reboot
• Companion Cobot: Co-Companionship is crucial in elderly care. Research indicates that chronic loneliness 1. When was the first cobot invented?
can impact older adults’ memory, physical well-being, mental health, and life expectancy. Burgeoning elderly
population & the rise of nuclear family globally, along with increasing life expectancies & burden of chronic
illnesses, makes providing companionship to seniors and important function that Cobots may be performing 2. Which robots are one of the largest robot suppliers in the world?
in the near future.
3. Name the China-based robotic arms company.
Task #Interdisciplinary
Write a detailed note on “how the precision of a robotics arm helps surgeons in complex surgeries”?
Difference between Robots and Cobots
Here, is the difference between robots and cobots through Comparison Chart.
Application Cobots Traditional Robots
Education and learning Good Fit: They reduce risk of injury, Mediocre Fit: More time consuming
about robotics typically don't need guarding, and tend to learn, will require appropriate
to have a shallow learning curve. safety rated sensors and/or
guarding higher risk of injury.
High speed work (e.g., case Poor Fit: Lower speed will reduce cycle Good Fit: These systems are
packing or pick and place) time and limit the benefits of automation designed to run at high continuous
for high-volume products. speeds.
Very high accuracy work Mediocre Fit: Accuracy varies with Good Fit: Traditional robots are
Progress from Robots to Cobots (e.g., assembling micro cobot models, but in general it is harder about speed, payload and accuracy
circuit boards) to get very high accuracy in a cobot. so finding one that meets the
The first cobot was invented in 1996 by two professors J. Edward Colgate and Michael Peshkin. A cobot is a robot requirements in frequently much
designed to work safely alongside humans. It is a device and method for direct physical interaction between simpler.
a person and a computer-controlled manipulator. Universal Robots is one of the largest robot suppliers in the High payload work (moving Not possible with cobots: Cobots Good Fit: Traditional robots have
world, released their first cobot in 2008. heavy parts) typically have a payload capacity payload capacities up to the weight
between 3 and 35 kilograms. of a car, so payload is usually not a
Collaborative robots (cobots) possess the innate ability to work in tandem with humans, whereas traditional problem.
industrial robots work in place of humans.
Force sensitive work Good Fit: Some cobots have built in force Mediocre Fit: Traditional robots
Cobots can fulfill various roles. They can take over activities that employees experience as ‘boring’ and control which can be integrated into the can have force control devices
‘monotonous’. For example, tightening screws or packing boxes. In this way an employee can perform more control loop without extra sensors. added between the tool flange
complex tasks and production can be increased. and the end effector, but this is a
separate unit and only gives force
Robotics cause a lot of dust to be blown up. For example, it is suggested that robots will take up jobs and control at the tool.
workers feel threatened. However, there are also claims that the advent of cobots has the opposite effect. The
advantages of using cobots are, that robots no longer have to be in cages or safety zones. Cobots are equipped Processes in which the robot Good Fit: Safety and risk assessments Poor Fit: Not possible without
must still be considered, but this is a safety systems (e.g., guarding and
is working close to a human
with force-feedback sensors that prevent them from injuring colleagues. They are also easier to program and distinguishing cobot feature. safety rated switches and sensors)
can be used more flexibly than industrial robots. in place.
Explosive environment (e.g., Not possible for cobots: Currently no Good Fit: Paint robots are readily
painting) explosive environment rated cobots. available for this application.
From Robots to Cobots 57

