Page 59 - Robotics and AI class 10
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• The Da Vinci surgical system: This is an example of the Master-Slave Cobot. It has Robotic arms that translate
 the surgeon’s hand movements into smaller and more precise actions for less invasive surgical procedures.  Reboot
   • Companion Cobot: Co-Companionship is crucial in elderly care. Research indicates that chronic loneliness   1.   When was the first cobot invented?
 can impact older adults’ memory, physical well-being, mental health, and life expectancy. Burgeoning elderly
 population & the rise of nuclear family globally, along with increasing life expectancies & burden of chronic
 illnesses, makes providing companionship to seniors and important function that Cobots may be performing   2.   Which robots are one of the largest robot suppliers in the world?
 in the near future.

                 3.   Name the China-based robotic arms company.
 Task  #Interdisciplinary


 Write a detailed note on “how the precision of a robotics arm helps surgeons in complex surgeries”?



            Difference between Robots and Cobots
            Here, is the difference between robots and cobots through Comparison Chart.

                     Application                           Cobots                         Traditional Robots
             Education and learning        Good Fit: They  reduce risk of injury,  Mediocre Fit: More time consuming
             about robotics                typically don't need guarding, and tend  to learn, will require appropriate
                                           to have a shallow learning curve.       safety  rated   sensors    and/or
                                                                                   guarding higher risk of injury.
             High speed work (e.g., case   Poor Fit: Lower speed will reduce cycle  Good Fit: These systems are
             packing or pick and place)    time and limit the benefits of automation  designed to run at high continuous
                                           for high-volume products.               speeds.


             Very high accuracy work       Mediocre Fit: Accuracy varies with  Good  Fit: Traditional robots are
 Progress from Robots to Cobots  (e.g., assembling micro   cobot models, but in general it is harder  about speed, payload and accuracy
             circuit boards)               to get very high accuracy in a cobot.   so  finding  one  that  meets  the
 The first cobot was invented in 1996 by two professors J. Edward Colgate and Michael Peshkin. A cobot is a robot   requirements in frequently  much
 designed to work safely alongside humans. It is a device and method for direct physical interaction between   simpler.
 a person and a computer-controlled manipulator. Universal Robots is one of the largest robot suppliers in the   High payload work (moving  Not possible with cobots: Cobots  Good  Fit: Traditional robots have
 world, released their first cobot in 2008.  heavy parts)  typically have a payload capacity  payload capacities up to the weight
                                           between 3 and 35 kilograms.             of a car, so payload is usually not a
 Collaborative robots (cobots) possess the innate ability to work in tandem with humans, whereas traditional   problem.
 industrial robots work in place of humans.
             Force sensitive work          Good Fit: Some cobots have built in force  Mediocre Fit: Traditional robots
 Cobots  can  fulfill  various  roles.  They  can  take  over  activities  that  employees  experience  as  ‘boring’  and   control which can be integrated into the  can have force control devices
 ‘monotonous’. For example, tightening screws or packing boxes. In this way an employee can perform more   control loop without extra sensors.  added  between  the  tool  flange
 complex tasks and production can be increased.                                    and the end effector, but this is a
                                                                                   separate unit and only gives force
 Robotics cause a lot of dust to be blown up. For example, it is suggested that robots will take up jobs and   control at the tool.
 workers feel threatened. However, there are also claims that the advent of cobots has the opposite effect. The
 advantages of using cobots are, that robots no longer have to be in cages or safety zones. Cobots are equipped   Processes in which the robot  Good Fit: Safety and risk assessments  Poor Fit:  Not  possible  without
                                           must  still  be  considered,  but this  is a  safety systems (e.g., guarding and
             is working close to a human
 with force-feedback sensors that prevent them from injuring colleagues. They are also easier to program and   distinguishing cobot feature.  safety rated switches and sensors)
 can be used more flexibly than industrial robots.                                 in place.

             Explosive environment (e.g.,  Not possible for cobots: Currently no  Good  Fit:  Paint  robots  are  readily
             painting)                     explosive environment rated cobots.     available for this application.

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