Page 90 - Robotics and AI class 10
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Control Systems from Daily Life
        Control systems are widely used in various real-life applications and devices to maintain stability, regulate
        processes, and ensure desired outcomes.

        Here are a few examples of control systems in different domains:

        Thermostat Control System
        A thermostat control system is commonly used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. It
        maintains a desired temperature by sensing the current temperature and comparing it to a set point. The control
        system then adjusts the heating or cooling output to bring the temperature to the desired level.

        Cruise Control System

        Cruise control is a control system found in automobiles that  allows drivers to maintain a set speed without
        continuously pressing the accelerator pedal. The system senses the vehicle’s speed and adjusts the throttle or
        braking to keep the vehicle moving at the desired speed, providing convenience and assisting with fuel efficiency.

        Automatic Washing Machine Control System
        Washing machines utilise control systems to regulate the washing process. The system monitors factors such as
        water level, temperature, and duration of wash cycles. It controls the flow of water, adjusts the motor speed, and
        operates valves and pumps to ensure efficient and effective cleaning while protecting the machine from damage.

        Aircraft Flight Control System

        Aircraft  flight  control  systems  play  a  crucial  role  in  maintaining  stability  and  maneuverability.  They  include
        various control surfaces, such as ailerons, elevators, and rudders, which are actuated by control systems. These
        systems continuously monitor the aircraft’s position, speed, and orientation, making adjustments to ensure safe
        and stable flight.

        Power Grid Control System
        Power grid control systems distribute electrical power, require sophisticated control systems. These systems
        monitor and regulate the flow of electricity, balance supply and demand, and maintain grid stability. Control
        systems in power grids adjust power generation, manage load distribution, and monitor voltage and frequency
        to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply.

        Industrial Process Control Systems

        Industries such as chemical, oil refining, and manufacturing employ control systems to regulate and optimise their
        processes. These systems monitor parameters like temperature, pressure, flow rate, and chemical composition.
        Control systems adjust valves, pumps, heaters, and other equipment to maintain process variables within desired
        ranges, ensuring safe and efficient operation.


                 Control System in Robotics


        Robots utilise control systems for precise and coordinated movement. Control systems receive input from
        sensors and generate commands for actuators to control the robot’s motion. These systems can involve feedback
        control loops to ensure accurate positioning and manipulation, enabling robots to perform tasks with precision
        and accuracy. They enable robots to sense their environment, process information, and generate control signals
        to actuate their actuators.

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