Page 94 - Robotics and AI class 10
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• Elevators – Position sensors are used in elevators to move them up and down, detect which floor they are on
           and to ensure the doors are in the correct position when open and shut.
           • Ticket barriers – Position sensors are used to monitor the position of various barriers; this could be for cars,
          people or other vehicles. The sensors will monitor that the barrier is in the correct position when open or closed.
           • Robotics – Position sensors are used to monitor the movement of robotic arms. This could be on surveillance
          cameras or other robotic machinery. This is an up and coming industry for research and development.
           • Steering measurement – Position sensors are used within steering mechanisms for a whole host of vehicles;
          agriculture, industrial, motorsport, mobile vehicle and many more.

           • Medical devices – Position sensors are widely used in medical devices to measure the position of objects and
          body parts.


                    Task                                                            #Creativity & Innovativeness



             If you were asked to build a robot for serving humanity/assisting differently-abled persons, what would
             it be and how it will help them?










                  At a Glance


              • Gears are mechanical devices with toothed wheels or cylinders that mesh together to transmit and control motion,
              torque, and speed between rotating shafts.
              • The teeth on gears are precisely shaped and positioned to engage with each other, allowing the transfer of rotational
              force and motion.
              • The Helical gears are similar to spur gears but have angled teeth.
              • Worm gears are the type of gears that consist of a threaded cylindrical gear (worm) and a toothed wheel (worm wheel).
              • Planetary gears also known as epicyclic gears, are a type of gear system that consists of a central gear (sun gear),
              multiple gears surrounding the sun gear (planet gears), and an outer ring gear (ring gear).
              • Rack and Pinion gears are a type of gear mechanism used to convert rotational motion into linear motion.
              • Sensors play a critical role in robotics by estimating the robot's condition and environment.
              • A vision sensor is a type of sensor that captures visual information from the surrounding environment.
              • A temperature sensor is a type of sensor that measures the temperature of its surrounding environment or an object.
              • The range and proximity detection sensors are types of sensors used in robotics to measure the distance between
              the robot and objects in its environment.
              • A motion sensor is a type of sensor that detects movement or changes in the environment.
              • Navigation sensors help robots navigate, localize themselves, and understand their surroundings.
              • The classification of sensors can also be done as internal and external sensors based on their physical location in
              relation to the robot or system they are used in.
              • Actuators are  essential components  in robotics  that  convert  electrical,  hydraulic,  or  pneumatic  energy  into
              mechanical motion.
              • The linear actuators are designed to produce motion in a straight line or linear path.
              • Rotary actuators generate rotational motion around a fixed axis.
              • Robotic joints enable the articulation and movement of robot limbs or segments.
              • Wheels in robotics are responsible for robot mobility and locomotion.
              • Control systems in robots are essential for achieving desired behaviours, precise movement, and effective task execution.
              • Control systems receive input from sensors and generate commands for actuators to control the robot’s motion.
              • In the field of robotics, the seamless integration of sensors, actuators, and controllers is at the heart of creating a
              sophisticated and efficient robotic system.

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