Page 88 - Robotics and AI class 10
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Rotary Actuators
        Rotary  actuators  generate  rotational  motion  around  a  fixed  axis.  They  convert  energy  into  rotary  motion,
        allowing robots to rotate, turn, or spin. Rotary actuators are used in applications where rotational movement is
        required, such as robotic joints, wheels, or spinning devices. Electric motors, hydraulic actuators, and pneumatic
        actuators can all be used as rotary actuators. Here are some common types of rotary actuators:
           • Electric Rotary Actuators: Electric rotary actuators use electric motors to produce rotary motion. They can
           be either continuous rotation or limited to a specific range of rotation. Electric rotary actuators are available in
           various forms, including DC motors, stepper motors, and servo motors, each offering different levels of precision
           and control.
           • Hydraulic Rotary Actuators: Hydraulic rotary actuators use hydraulic fluid to generate rotary motion. They
           employ a piston or vane mechanism, where the fluid pressure causes the piston or vane to rotate. Hydraulic
           rotary actuators are capable of delivering high torque and are commonly used in heavy machinery and industrial
           applications.
           • Pneumatic Rotary Actuators: Pneumatic rotary actuators use compressed air or gas to produce rotary motion.
           They typically employ a piston or vane mechanism driven by the pressure of the compressed air. Pneumatic
           rotary actuators are widely used in applications that require quick and relatively low torque rotations.

        Both linear and rotary actuators are essential components in robotics, and their selection depends on the
        specific requirements of the robot and the intended motion. The choice of actuator depends on factors such as
        precision, force or torque requirements, speed, size, and environmental conditions.
        Joints and wheels in robotics are connected to actuators to enable motion and control. Actuators provide the
        necessary force and movement to actuate the joints or rotate the wheels, allowing the robot to perform specific
        tasks or move in its environment. Here’s how joints and wheels are linked to actuators:


        Joints

        Robotic joints enable the articulation and movement of robot limbs or
        segments. Actuators are responsible for driving these joints and controlling
        their motion. The type of actuator used depends on the desired range of
        motion, precision, force requirements, and other factors.

        The different types of actuators are linked to robotic joints:

        Electric Motor-Driven Joint

        Electric motors, such as DC motors, stepper motors, or servo motors, are frequently used as actuators in robotic
        joints. They provide rotational motion and allow for precise control of joint angles. Electric motors are versatile
        and can be found in various robotic applications, from robotic arms to humanoid robots.

        Hydraulic Rotary Joint

        Hydraulic actuators, coupled with a hydraulic rotary joint, can be used to create rotating joints in robots. The
        hydraulic actuator generates the rotary motion, while the hydraulic rotary joint allows the flow of hydraulic fluid
        to the actuator while maintaining a continuous connection. These joints are commonly found in heavy-duty
        industrial robots or construction equipment.





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