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7                                   Algorithm and





                                                                  Flowchart










                     Let’s surf

                     Ø  Algorithm                                    Ø  Characteristics of a Good Algorithm
                     Ø  Uses of an Algorithm                         Ø  Writing an Algorithm
                     Ø  Defining Flowcharts                          Ø   Solving Problems using Algorithms and
                                                                        Flowcharts




                                                                                          21 st
                  Let’s PLug-in                                                         Century   #Critical Thinking
                                                                                          Skills
                   Look at the code and decode the message.
                   Code :
                   A-1 , B-2, C-3, D-4, E-5, F-6, G-7, H-8, I-9, J- 10, K-11, L-12, M-13, N-14, O-15, P-16, Q-17, R-18, S-19, T-20,
                   U-21, V-22, W-23, X-24,Y-25, Z-26, Space-27.
                   Message:

                       1   12   5   18   20   27  13    1   10  15   18   27   3   25   3    12  15   14   5   27





                 All humans communicate  with each  other  using  a language  that  has many  words and  tones.

                 Computers communicate and understand only '1' and '0'. We give instructions to the computer in our
                 language but it first converts it into 0 and 1 and then works according to our instructions. Let's know
                 more about all this.
                 In our daily life, we have to solve various problems by using different strategies. These strategies are
                 called problem solving techniques. A problem solving technique is a collection of sequential steps to
                 solve a problem. In the same way, programmers also use different types of techniques to solve the
                 problems related to programming. Some of these techniques are algorithms and flowcharts. In this
                 chapter, we will learn about algorithms and flowcharts used to develop programs.


                        ALGORITHM


                 As we know that a program is a collection of instructions. The language used to write a program is
                 called a programming language. Before writing a program on the computer, every programmer must

                 analyse the problem and write an algorithm to solve the problem.



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