Page 15 - Touhpad Ai

1
UNIT

BASIC CONCEPTS OF

ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Artificial Intelligence
What is Data?
Types of Data
Identification, Acquiring and Exploring the Data
Evolution of Computing
Binary System
Logic Gates
Conditional Gates
Deterministic and Probabilistic Nature of Real-Life Problems
Decision Making in Machines/Computers
AI Project Framework
Data Representation and Programming in Python
Features of Python Downloading and Installing Python
Variety of Python Editors Jupyter Notebook Modes in Python
Input and Output Comments in Python Character Set
Tokens Variables Data Types in Python
Operations on List Operations on Tuple Operations on Dictionary
Control Statements Function

Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that simulates human intelligence in machines, particularly in
computer systems, enabling them to think and perform actions similar to humans. Artificial Intelligence is made up of the
words Artificial and Intelligence, where Artificial means human-made, and Intelligence refers to the ability to think, hence
AI means a human-made thinking ability.
The term Artificial Intelligence was coined by John McCarthy. In 1956, John organised the Dartmouth Conference
where, in his talk, he first used the term Artificial Intelligence, defined as the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines. John McCarthy is also known as the father of AI.

The first-ever AI game was built by John McCarthy at MIT on the IBM 704. The
program would take days to process a single move and didn’t stop for months. Students
BRAINY and McCarthy himself, from time to time, made modifications to improve its efficiency and
FACT accuracy. Interestingly, in 1966 when McCarthy was at Stanford, he designed another chess
game with his team to compete with their counterparts in the Soviet Union. Unfortunately,
they never won with two losses and two draws.

Basic Concepts of Artificial Intelligence 13