Page 27 - Touhpad Ai

For example, if you collected students' study hours and exam scores, data exploration might reveal:
u Students who study more than 3 hours daily score above 80%.
u A data error where a student scored 110 out of 100 marks.
u Missing values where some students didn't enter their study hours.
These issues must be handled before training the AI model to ensure accuracy.
Data exploration is like reading a story hidden inside the numbers. It helps you
understand the quality of your data and prepares you to build a reliable AI model
later. Tools like Excel, Google Sheets, or programming languages like Python (with
libraries like Pandas) can help you summarise and visualise the data using charts
and graphs.

Cleaning Cleaned Selection Prepared
Integration Data Transforming Data

Let us understand the above 3 steps through a case study.

Case Study: Understanding Mobile Phone Usage Habits Among Students
Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyse students’ smartphone usage patterns and determine their impact on
daily productivity and sleep habits. This case study demonstrates how data can be collected, explored, and interpreted
to make informed decisions—a key step in any AI or data analysis project.
Step 1 Identifying the Data

Before collecting data, clearly define the goal of the project. In this case, the goal is to understand how mobile phone
usage might influence productivity and sleep.
Next, identify the relevant features (variables) to collect:
u Screen time (hrs/day): Numeric, Continuous
u Time spent on social media (hrs/day): Numeric, Continuous
u Number of phone unlocks (per day): Numeric, Discrete
u Bedtime (average sleep time): Textual (can be converted to numeric
using 24-hour format)
u Self-rated productivity (1 -5 scale): Ordinal
Optional additional variables for deeper insight: time spent on educational apps, number of notifications, or daily
study hours. Clearly identifying variables helps ensure the analysis is meaningful.
Step 2 Acquiring the Data

Once the variables are defined, gather the data:
u Ask classmates to check their phone usage stats (available in smartphone settings) or estimate usage over the
past week.

Basic Concepts of Artificial Intelligence 25