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Program 3: To demonstrate the use of single line comment

# This is a single line comment
print("Hello, world!") # This is another single line comment
Output:

Hello, world!

u Multiline comments: Python does not have a built-in syntax for multiline comments like some other languages.
However, multiline strings enclosed within triple quotes (‘‘‘ or “””) are often used for this purpose. Although these are
technically strings and not comments, they serve the purpose of commenting out multiple lines of code.

Program 4: To demonstrate the use of multiline comments

'''
This program demonstrates basic arithmetic operations without using functions.
It performs addition and subtraction of two numbers.
'''
# Addition
a = 10
b = 5
result_add = a + b
print("Addition:", result_add)
# Subtraction
result_sub = a - b
print("Subtraction:", result_sub)
Output:
Addition: 15

Subtraction: 5

Character Set

In Python, a character set refers to a collection of characters, typically defined by a specific encoding scheme, such as
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) or Unicode. Each character in a character set is represented
by a unique code point.

A programming language’s character set refers to the permissible characters recognised by that language. When
discussing the Python programming language specifically, its character set encompasses all valid characters allowed for
scripting. These include:
u Letters: Both uppercase (A-Z) and lowercase (a-z) letters.
u Digits: All numerical digits from 0 to 9.

u Special Symbols: Python accommodates various special symbols such as single quotes ('...'), double ("...“), semicolons
(;), colons (:), exclamation marks(!), tildes (~), at symbols(@), hash signs (#), dollar signs ($), percentage signs (%),
caret sign (^), backticks (`), ampersands (&), asterisks (*), parentheses (), underscores(_), plus signs(+), hyphens(-),
equal signs(=), curly braces {}, square brackets [], and backslashes(\).
u Whitespace characters: Python recognises whitespace characters including tab spaces, blank spaces, newline

characters, and carriage return characters.
u Others: Python supports the entirety of ASCII and Unicode characters, comprising the complete Python character set.

Basic Concepts of Artificial Intelligence 53