Page 94 - Touhpad Ai

INTRODUCTION AND STATE UNIT 2

OF ART OF AI, NATURAL

LANGUAGE PROCESSING

(NLP), AND POTENTIAL

USE OF AI

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Primary Elements of AI
Deep Learning
Machine Learning
Computer Vision
Speech Recognition
Domain of Natural Language Processing
Potential Use of AI
AI and Society

Evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence first emerged in the year 1956. Since then, the artificial intelligence has evolved by many folds.
Following diagram depicts the history of AI:

The word "Artificial Intelligence" After several reports criticising
Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon was first adopted by American progress in AI, government funding
created the "first artificial intelligence computer scientist John McCarthy and interest in the field dropped
program" which was named "Logic at the Dartmouth Conference. For off during the period from 1974
Theorist". This program proved 38 the first time, AI was coined as an to 1980 which is known as the "AI
of 52 Mathematics theorems and 1955 academic field. winter". The field later revived in the
found new and more elegant proofs 1980s when the British government
for some theorems. 1956 started funding it again to compete
with the Japanese.

1974
Alan Turing, was an English mathematician, and
1950 pioneered Machine learning. He published "Computing
Machinery and Intelligence" in which he proposed
1943 a test. The test could check the machine's ability to
exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to human
The first work now recognised as AI intelligence, called a Turing test.
was done by Warren McCulloch and (Also called “The Imitation Game”)
Walter Pitts in 1943. They proposed a
model of artificial neurons.

IBM's Deep Blue became the first 1997
computer to beat a chess champion-
2011 Russian grandmaster Garry Kasparov.

IBM Watson won the quiz show "Jeopardy!" by beating
reigning champions Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings.

92 Touchpad Artificial Intelligence - XI