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    breaking both the numbers

                There are 95 seats in a hall. 72 seats have already                       95                    72
                been occupied. How many seats are still vacant?

                Subtracting tens: 90 – 70 = 20                                      90      +     5       70     +     2
                Subtracting ones: 5 – 2 = 3

                Combining the differences, we get 20 + 3 = 23.                          Terms in a Subtraction Fact
                                                                                              95  –  72  =  23
                So, 95 – 72 = 23.
                Thus, 23 seats are still vacant in the hall.                              Minuend          Difference
                                                                                                  Subtrahend

                            Exercise 3A

                     1.  Subtract by counting forward.

                        a.   75 – 48 = ______            b.    95 – 33 = ______            c.   57 – 25 = ______
                        d.   45 – 27 = ______            e.    37 – 11 = ______            f.   81 – 59 = ______

                    2.  Solve the following by breaking the smaller number.
                        a.   70 – 49 = ______            b.    63 – 28 = ______            c.   85 – 34 = ______

                        d.   76 – 37 = ______            e.    69 – 31 = ______            f.   66 – 34 = ______
                    3.  Subtract the following by breaking both the numbers.

                        a.   95 – 82 = ______            b.    99 – 26 = ______            c.   56 – 14 = ______
                        d.   87 – 15 = ______            e.    57 – 23 = ______            f.   49 – 18 = ______

                    4.  Can you think of two numbers whose difference is 42?

                SubtrACtIon oF 3-dIgIt nuMbErS

                Subtraction without regrouping

                Example 1. Subtract 126 from 578.

                Solution. Write the smaller number below the bigger number and find the difference.

                Step 1. Subtract the ones.                 H    T O

                                                           5    7   8

                                                       –    1   2   6

                                                                    2

                                                     8 – 6 = 2 ones

                       56        Mathematics 3

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