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    Long Division

                    Look at the following division fact.

                                   15                 ÷                    3                    =              5

                               Dividend                                 Divisor                           Quotient

                       The number which is to be          The number by which the dividend         The result of division is
                     divided is called the dividend.        is divided is called the divisor.        called the quotient.

                    We can also represent this division fact as shown below.
                                                                          5                                      Quotient
                                                                      3   15                      Divisor        Dividend

                    This is the format of long division.

                    Long Division without Remainder

                    Example 1. Find 45 ÷ 9.

                    solution. Recite the 9 times table till 45.                                                           5
                      1 × 9 = 9       2 × 9 = 18      3 × 9 = 27             We write 5 as the                   9     4 5

                      4 × 9 = 36      5 × 9 = 45                             quotient and subtract                  – 4 5
                                                                             45 from 45.
                    So, 45 ÷ 9 = 5.                                                                                       0

                    The Remainder

                    When the  given number of things  cannot  be  shared equally  and something  is  left
                    over, the left over is called the Remainder.
                    There are 5 ice creams. Divide it into equal groups of 2.
                    How many groups can be formed?

                    After forming equal groups, one ice cream is left over. The left                          Quotient
                    over ice cream is the remainder.                                               Divisor  Dividend
                    In the long division method, observe the place of the remainder.

                    Long Division with Remainder                                                              Remainder

                    Example 2. Divide 7 erasers between 2 groups. Is there any eraser left over?

                    solution.                                                                           3     Quotient
                                                                                    Divisor       2     7     Dividend
                                                                                                     – 6
                                                                                                        1     Remainder

                    Each group has 3 erasers and 1 eraser is left over.

                                                                                                                  95
                                                                                                     Division

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