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We use a square grid to measure area.
Place each picture on the grid and count
how many squares are covered by each
picture.
• Picture A covers 40 squares.

• Picture B covers 54 squares.
So, Nupur’s drawing (Picture A) has the
smaller area, while Nikhil’s drawing (Picture
B) has the larger area.

If each square has a side of 1 cm, then:
• Area of Picture A = 40 sq. cm • Area of Picture B = 54 sq. cm

We always measure area in square units.
• For small areas, we use square centimetres (sq. cm).
• For bigger areas, we use square metres (sq. m) or even square kilometres (sq. km).

Example 1. Look at the following objects placed on the square grid and find their
areas.

a. b. c. d.

Solution. a. The area covered by an eraser = 12 square units
b. The area covered by a sharpener = 6 square units

c. The area covered by a pencil box = 36 square units
d. The area covered by a ruler = 22 square units

Example 2. Each square covers an area of 1 square centimetre. Find
the area of each shape shaded in different colours. a. b.

Solution. a. The pink shaded region covers a total of 7 squares.
So, the area of the pink shaded figure is 7 × 1 = 7 sq. cm.

b. The green shaded region covers a total of 11 squares.
So, the area of the green shaded figure is 11 × 1 = 11 sq. cm. d.
c. The yellow shaded region covers a total of 6 squares. c.

So, the area of the yellow shaded figure is 6 × 1 = 6 sq. cm.
d. The red shaded region covers a total of 9 squares.

So, the area of the red shaded figure is 9 × 1 = 9 sq. cm.

174 Mathematics 4