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A Pinch of History
Indians were good with numbers. In the Rigveda, the highest number mentioned is known

as ‘Parardha’, which is equal to 1 followed by 12 zeros. In the Yuddha Kanda of the Maharshi
Valmiki Ramayana, there is a mention of Mahaugh, which is equivalent to 1 followed by 62

zeros. Lalitavistara, a work of Buddhist literature, mentions Talakshna which represents 1
followed by 52 zeros.

example 3. Find the sum and difference of the place values of the coloured digits in
72,90,783.

Solution. TL L TTh Th H T O

7 2 9 0 7 8 3
Place Value
700
70,00,000

Sum of place values = 70,00,000 + 700 = 70,00,700
Difference of place values = 70,00,000 – 700

= 69,99,300

expanded Form

The expanded form of a number is a way of expressing it as the sum of the place
values of all its digits.

example 4. Write the following numbers in expanded form:
a. 48,62,572 b. 62,87,345

Solution. a.
TL L TTh Th H T O

4 8 6 2 5 7 2

Place Value
2
70
500
2,000
60,000
8,00,000
40,00,000

Expanded form of 48,62,572
= 40,00,000 + 8,00,000 + 60,000 + 2,000 + 500 + 70 + 2

15
Large Numbers