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Method 2. We can convert the lengths into smaller units and then add them.
65 km 239 m = 65 × 1000 + 239 = 65239 m

4 km 105 m = 4 × 1000 + 105 = 4105 m 6 5 2 3 9 m
4 1 0 5 m
18 km 315 m = 18 × 1000 + 315 = 18315 m + 1 8 3 1 5 m
Now , 87659 m = 87000 m + 659 m = 87 km 659 m.
8 7 6 5 9 m
Example 2. Subtract 28 m 45 cm from 95 m 8 cm.
Solution. We can subtract the given lengths either by placing them in the columns or
by converting them into smaller units.

Method 1 Method 2

m cm 28 m 45 cm = 2845 cm
9 5 0 8 95 m 8 cm = 9508 cm Tips
– 2 8 4 5 9 5 0 8 cm

6 6 6 3 –2 8 4 5 cm Carry over or borrow

6 6 6 3 cm as we do with ordinary
numbers.
Thus, the answer is 66 m 63 cm or 6663 cm.

Example 3. Multiply 16 cm 5 mm by 12. Express the product in cm.
Solution. 16 cm 5 mm × 12 = 16 cm × 12 + 5 mm × 12

= 12 × 16 cm + 12 × 5 mm = 192 cm + 60 mm

= 192 cm + 6 cm = 198 cm
Thus, the answer is 198 cm.

Example 4. Divide 53 km 28 m by 4. Express the quotient in km and m.

Solution. Method 1 m
53 km 28 m = 53000 m + 28 m = 53028 m
m
Divide: 53028 m ÷ 4 = 13257 m

Now, 13257 m = 13000 m + 257 m = 13 km 257 m
Method 2. Divide the kilometres.

53 km ÷ 4 = 13 km and remainder 1 km

Convert the remainder into m, we have
1 km = 1000 m.

Add to metres: 1000 m + 128 m = 1028 m

Divide the metres by 4: 1028 m ÷ 4 = 257 m
Thus, the answer is 13 km 257 m.

172 Mathematics 5