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For example, in 3435 – 248 = 3187, 3435 is the minuend, 248 is the subtrahend and
3187 is the difference.

Properties of Subtraction

1. When 0 is subtracted from a number, the difference is the number itself.

For example, 5048 – 0 = 5048, and 2671 – 0 = 2671.

2. When a number is subtracted from itself, the difference is always 0.

For example, 3483 – 3483 = 0, and 27381 – 27381 = 0.

Subtraction of Large numbers

Like addition, subtraction of large numbers is also the same as of smaller numbers.
Just follow some simple steps.
Step 1. Write the numbers in columns according to their place values, placing the
greater number on top and the smaller number below.

Step 2. Subtract the numbers column-wise starting from the ones place.
Step 3. Use regrouping if required.

example 1. Find the difference.
a. 49369 – 2786 b. 51430 – 17968

Solution. a. b.
TTh Th H T O TTh Th H T O

8 12 16 4 10 13 12 10
4 9 3 6 9 5 1 4 3 0

– 2 7 8 6 – 1 7 9 6 8

4 6 5 8 3 3 3 4 6 2

example 2. Subtract 57368 from 100000. example 3. Subtract 736421 from 932043.

Solution. Solution.
L TTh Th H T O L TTh Th H T O

0 9 9 9 9 10 8 12 11 10

1 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 2 0 4 3
– 5 7 3 6 8 – 7 3 6 4 2 1

4 2 6 3 2 1 9 5 6 2 2

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Mathematical Operations