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Step 5. Add all the partial products.

30860 + 185160 + 2468800 = 2684820
Thus, 6172 × 435 = 2684820.

example 5. A school purchases 435 tables. Each table costs ` 780. Find the cost of all

the tables purchased by the school.
7 8 0
Solution. Number of tables = 435 × 4 3 5

Cost of one table = `780 3 9 0 0

Cost of 435 tables = `(780 × 435) 2 3 4 0 0
+ 3 1 2 0 0 0
= `3,39,300
3 3 9 3 0 0
Thus, the cost of 435 tables is `3,39,300.
example 6. A set of books costs `1,285. A school ordered 495 sets. How much did the

school pay?
1 2 8 5
Solution. The cost of one set of books = `1,285
× 4 9 5
Number of sets of books = 495 6 4 2 5

The cost of 495 sets of books = `1,285 × 495 1 1 5 6 5 0

= `6,36,075 + 5 1 4 0 0 0
6 3 6 0 7 5
Thus, the school paid `6,36,075 for 495 sets of books.

double and half Method

There are several ways to perform multiplication. One interesting method is the
double and half method. Let us explore how this method
works with a few examples.
example 7. 3 × 14 = ?

Solution. Make a grid with 3 columns and 14 rows as
shown in the figure. Double the first number
and halve the second number. What do you
get?
3 × 14
Double Half

6 × 7 = 42

The same process can be applied in
multiplication.

3 × 14 = 42 6 × 7 = 42

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Mathematical Operations