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Nikita: Wow! These arrangements show that 12 has six factors, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.

We have many green blocks. Can you find out how many blocks there are?

Vinit: Yes, if we arrange 12 blocks in 1 row, we can make several rows as follows:

12 × 1 = 12 12 × 2 = 24

12 × 3 = 36 12 × 4 = 48

Nikita: Fantastic! This makes counting easy. Here, 12, 24, 36, 48, etc. are multiples of 12.

Vinit: You are right. Now, let us learn more about multiples and factors.

Multiples

We have learnt in the previous class that the product of two or more numbers is a
multiple of the numbers that are multiplied.

Let us consider the number 16.

We know that 16 × 1 = 16, 16 × 2 = 32, 16 × 3 = 48, 16 × 4 = 64, 16 × 5 = 80, 16 × 6 = 96, ...

Thus, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, ... are multiples of 16.

The multiples of a number are obtained by multiplying it by 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on.

example 1. Find the first four multiples of 7.

Solution. We know that 7 × 1 = 7, 7 × 2 = 14, 7 × 3 = 21 and 7 × 4 = 28.

Thus, the first four multiples of 7 are 7, 14, 21 and 28.

example 2. Find the 12th multiple of 15. Is it odd? Keep in Mind

Solution. We know that 15 × 12 = 180.

Thus, the 12th multiple of 15 is 180, which is an The multiple of a number
is exactly divisible by that
even number, not an odd number. number.

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