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07 INTERNET AND E-MAIL
Your Aim
to learn about:
The Internet World Wide Web
How Does the Web Work? Using Web Browser
Using URLs E-Mail
Emoticons and Acronyms
As we know that the Internet is a computer network that connects hosts and systems throughout
the world. In this chapter, we will learn about the Internet and e-mail service of the Internet in detail.
THE INTERNET
The seed of the Internet was planted in 1969 when the Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense began connecting computers at different
universities and defense contractors. The resulting network was called Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network (ARPANET).
In the beginning, ARPANET was a large network serving only a handful of users, but it expanded
rapidly. Initially, the network included four primary host computers. By 1971, the network
accommodated 15 nodes. The Internet acts as a carrier for several different services, each with
its own distinct features and purposes. The most commonly used Internet services are: World
Wide Web, electronic mail, news, file transfer protocol, chat, instant messaging, online services
and peer-to-peer services. January 1, 1983 is considered the official birthday of the Internet.
Earlier the computer networks did not have a standard way to communicate with each other. A
new communications protocol was established in 1970 named Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). The TCP/IP allows computers connected to different networks
communicate with each other. It was adopted as protocol standard for ARPANET in 1983.
WORLD WIDE WEB
The World Wide Web (www) is a large information system where you can surf and get
information. It consists of several public and private websites which may be interlinked and
accessible over the Internet worldwide. WWW is also known as Web. Many people believe that
the World Wide Web and the Internet are the same thing, but this is not correct. In fact, these are
two different things. The Web is a service (a system for accessing information) that is supported
by the Internet, a system of interconnected networks.
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