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B. Algorithm to find the smallest in two numbers A and B.
Step 1 Start.
Step 2 Read two numbers and store them in A and B.
Step 3 Compare number A and B. If A is less than B, print "A is smallest" and go to Step 5.
Step 4 Compare number A and B. If B is less than A, print "B is smallest" and go to Step 5.
Step 5 Stop.
DEFINING FLOWCHARTS
A flowchart is a type of graphical diagram that represents an algorithm. It is a set of instructions
that can be followed to perform a specific task, workflow or process. This diagrammatic
representation illustrates a solution model to a given problem. Flowcharts are used in analysing,
designing, documenting or managing a process or program in various fields.
Flowcharts show the sequence of instructions in a single program. They play a vital role in
the field of programming. These are helpful in understanding the logic of complicated and
lengthy problems. Once a flowchart is drawn, it becomes easy to write the program in any
high-level language. Often we see that flowcharts are helpful in explaining the program to
others. Hence, it is correct to say that a flowchart is must for the better understanding of a
complex program.
Symbols used in Flowcharts
A flowchart uses specific geometrical shapes and directional arrows to represent a particular
task. A set of geometrical boxes represents the steps involved in the solution process. Each box
represents a specific function, activity, or process. Directional arrows are used to connect the
boxes to show the flow of the solution. Different symbols are used to draw different types of
flowcharts. Let us discuss them.
Symbol Name Description
(Start/Stop) It is used to show the start and stop points of the flowchart.
It usually contains the words 'Start' or 'Stop'.
Process It shows a process or action step. This is the most common
symbol used in flowcharts.
Decision It indicates a question or branch in the process flow. It is
used when there are 2 options (Yes/No).
Input/Output It represents material or information entering or leaving
the system, i.e., input and output.
Flow Line It shows the direction in which the process flows.
(Arrow,
Connector)
Connector It is small and is used as a Connector to show a jump
(Inspection) from one point in the flowchart to another. Connectors
are usually labelled in pairs to show matching jump points.
Algorithm and Flowchart 95

