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• Digital: It refers to a device that uses binary digits (0’s and 1’s) to generate,
process, and display data. The results produced by digital computers are more
accurate than analog computers. They work as per IPO (Input - Process - Output)
cycle. All the modern computers that we currently use, like desktops, laptops, and
smartphones, are examples of digital computers. Some other examples of digital
computers are digital watch, digital thermometer, electricity meter, etc.
A Digital Computer
• Hybrid: It refers to a computer that provides the functionality of both,
an analog and a digital computer while processing and displaying
data. It uses the speed of an analog computer and the accuracy of
a digital computer. These types of computers are generally used
in scientific research and specialised applications. The heartbeat
measuring machine , ECG machine and Ultrasound machine used
in hospitals are the most common examples of a hybrid computer. A Hybrid Computer
Purpose
On the basis of the purpose of computers, they can be of two types:
• General Purpose Computer: It refers to a computer that can perform different kinds of jobs
with equal efficiency. Personal computers, including desktops, notebooks, smartphones, and
tablets, are all examples of general-purpose computers. They are commonly found in homes,
offices and schools.
• Special Purpose Computer: It refers to a computer with unique operating systems that are
made to perform specific tasks and functions. It does the specific task very quickly and cannot
be used for any other purpose. These types of computers are generally used for controlling
the process of manufacturing and for weather forecasting systems. Other examples of Special
Purpose Computer include Automatic teller machine, traffic-control computer and military
planes controlling computer.
Size, Speed, Processing Power and Cost
Computers differ in size, processing power, speed, and cost. On the basis of these factors,
computers can be categorised as follows:
Microcomputer
A microcomputer is a type of computer that has one microprocessor as its processing unit. It is
a small and less expensive digital computer. This type of computer is made to be used by a single
user at a time. A Microcomputer is also called a Personal Computer (PC). Some examples of
microcomputers are:
• Desktop: A desktop is primarily used in offices and at homes.
It is designed to fit comfortably on a desk. It is a personal
computer developed for regular use and generally placed in a
single location on a desk or table. All its components, such as
a keyboard, mouse, and storage devices, are connected to CPU Desktop
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