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A computer program is a set of instructions written in a programming language. There are a
                 number of programming languages worldwide.
                 Computer languages are classified into two major categories: Low-level language and High-level
                 language.
                 The process of writing a program is called programming. People who write programs are called
                 programmers.
                 There are a number of programming languages worldwide. Some languages were developed
                 for specific computers; others were developed for specific uses, such as scientific or business
                 applications.
                 Computer languages are classified into two major categories:

                                                  Computer Languages





                         Low-Level Language                                    High-Level Language





                      Machine           Assembly        Third Generation  Fourth-Generation             Natural
                  Language (1GL)     Language (2GL)     Language (3GL)        Language (4GL)       Language (5GL)


                 Low-Level Language (LLL)

                 Low-level  language is  a programming  language that  deals with the computer’s hardware
                 components. It is machine-dependent and is closed to machine code. A set of low-level language
                 instructions written for a particular type of computer will not work on a computer with a different
                 design. These languages are also known as computers’ native languages. They are difficult to
                 understand but executed quickly.
                 They are further classified to Machine Language and Assembly Language.
                 Machine Language (1GL)

                 Machine language is the only language understood by the computer. It is also known as first

                 generation language (1GL). Machine language is very difficult for programmers to use because
                 it only consists of two digits, 0 and 1, called binary digits or bits, where the bit '0' represents the
                 OFF state and the bit '1' represents the ON state. Every instruction written in form of 0 and 1 are
                 directly operated by CPU.

                 Assembly Language (2GL)

                 Assembly language is also known as second-generation language (2GL). It is the language
                 in which program codes are written in the form of alphanumeric symbols called 'Mnemonics'

                 instead of 0 and 1. In the assembly language, a programmer writes abbreviations such as A for
                 addition, C for compare, L for load, and M for multiply. Because of this feature, it is also known
                 as ‘Symbolic Language‘.





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                                                                Categories of Computers and Computer Languages
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