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<TagName> content </TagName>
Opening tag Closing tag
Both the opening and closing tags are the same. The only difference is that the closing tag
contains a forward slash before the tag name. Most of the tags in HTML have opening and
closing tags. A combination of an opening tag, content, and closing tag is called an element.
The HTML tags can be categorised as:
• Container Tags: The tags that have both opening and closing tags are called Container Tags.
For example <b> ...... </b>
<head> ...... </head>
• Empty Tags: Empty tags contain only an opening tag. They do not have a closing tag. These tags do
not enclose any data.
For example <br>, <hr>, etc.
HTML tags can also be further classified as:
• Block Level Tags: The block level tags take up the full width available and by default begin on a new line.
Some of the block level tags are Paragraph <P>, headings <H1> to <H6>, Horizontal Rule <HR>, etc.
• Text Level Tags: The text level tags are used to mark up parts of the text. These tags do not start with a
new line. Some of the text level tags are Bold <B>, Superscript <sup>, Italic <i>, Subscript <sub>, etc.
Nesting of Tags
Nesting of tags means that you can start a new tag before closing the previous tag. The key
point to remember is that tags are nested based on the LIFO principle, that is, Last In First Out.
This means that the tag that has been opened last needs to be closed first. For example: <body>
<h1> Happy Coding ! </h1> </body>
Attribute
An attribute is a property that provides additional information about a tag. It enhances the
functionality of a tag. It is always specified inside the opening tag. All attributes consist of two
parts—a name and a value.
The ‘name’ is the property that you want to set.
The ‘value’ is what you want for the respective property.
i + RULES FOR WRITING HTML5 CODES
There are certain rules for writing HTML5 codes. Let us learn more about them:
• Container tags should always be closed properly.
• Values given to the attributes should be enclosed within double quotes.
• The tag name should not contain spaces.
• There should be no spaces between < and > in a tag.
• Tags must be nested correctly using the LIFO principle.
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