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Rules for Using Functions

                  •  All Excel functions must begin with the = sign.
                  •  Function name must be a valid name.
                  •  Function must be followed by opening and closing parenthesis.

                  Categories of Functions

                  Excel provides several categories of functions to help users perform various tasks ranging from
                  simple calculations to complex data analysis. Some of them are as follows:
                  •  Mathematical Functions: These functions perform basic mathematical operations, such as
                     addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.

                  •  Statistical Functions: These functions are used for statistical analysis and include measures
                     of central tendency, distribution, probability, etc.
                  •  Text Functions: These functions are used for manipulating text strings, such as combining,
                     trimming, changing the case of text, etc.

                  •  Logical Functions: These functions are used to perform logical tests and return logical values
                     (TRUE or FALSE).
                  •  Date and Time Functions: These functions help work with dates and times, allowing users to
                     extract and manipulate date and time information.

                  •  Lookup  and Reference Functions: These functions are  used to search  for  and  return
                     information from a specific range or table.
                  •  Financial Functions:  These  functions  are  used  for  financial  calculations,  such  as  those
                     involving interest rates, loan payments, investments, depreciation, etc.

                  •  Information Functions: These functions return information about the data or the format,
                     location, or content of a cell.
                  Let us discuss some of these categories in detail.
                  Mathematical Functions


                           Functions                        Purpose                             Example

                                                                                    Input: =SUM(4,8,12,16)
                   SUM(range)                  It returns the sum of a range.
                                                                                    Output: 40
                                               It multiplies the values in a range  Input: =PRODUCT(4,2,8)
                   PRODUCT(range)
                                               of cells.                            Output: 64
                                               It returns the remainder  after  a  Input: =MOD(8,5)
                   MOD(number, divisor)
                                               number is divided by the divisor.    Output: 3

                                               It returns the square root of the  Input: =SQRT(81)
                   SQRT(number)
                                               given number.                        Output: 9
                                               It rounds the number to nearest  Input: =INT(14.25)
                   INT(number)
                                               integer value.                       Output: 14






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