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Step 3  Boil the water in the kettle.
                      Step 4  Pour the boiling water into the cup.
                      Step 5  Add milk, sugar and put a teabag in the cup.
                      Step 6  Stir the tea, and the tea is ready.
                      Step 7   Stop.
                  D.  Calculating the area of a circle.
                      Step 1  Start.
                      Step 2   Read the radius of the circle and store it in R. (where, R is the length from the centre
                                of the circle to the edge of the circle.)
                                                                                                       2
                      Step 3  Calculate the area of the circle and store in Area. (where, Area = π × r  (3.14 × radius
                                × radius))
                      Step 4  Print the Area.
                      Step 5  Stop.

                   i +   DEFINING FLOWCHART
                  A flowchart is the graphical representation of a process and the logic (which is also called an
                  algorithm) used in it. Flowcharts are used in a variety of fields to analyze, design, document, or
                  manage a process or program.
                  Flowcharts show the sequence of instructions in a single program. They play a vital role in the
                  field of programming. These are helpful in understanding the logic of complicated and lengthy
                  problems. Once a flowchart is drawn, it becomes easy to write the program in any high-level
                  language. Often we see that flowcharts are helpful in explaining the program to others. Hence,
                  it is correct to say that a flowchart is must for the better understanding of a complex program.
                  Symbols Used in Flowchart

                  A flowchart uses specific geometrical shapes and directional arrows to represent a particular
                  task. A set of geometrical boxes represents the steps involved in the solution process. Each box
                  represents a specific function, activity, or process. Directional arrows are used to connect the
                  boxes to show the flow of the solution. Different symbols are used to draw different types of
                  flowcharts. Let us discuss them.

                      Symbol              Name                                   Description
                                                         It represents the start and stop point of the flowchart. A
                                    (Start/Stop)
                                                         flowchart always has a start and an end.
                                                         It indicates the processing of the input provided. This is
                                    Process
                                                         the most common symbol used in flowcharts.
                                                         If there is a choice to be made between two options, this
                                    Decision             symbol is used. It has two flow lines outwards, representing
                                                         Yes or No and True or False.
                                                         It represents reading input or writing output. It represents
                                    Input/Output         material or information entering or leaving the system, i.e.,
                                                         input and output.
                                    Flow Line
                                                         It is used to show the direction in which the process flows.
                                    (Arrow, Connector)
                                                         It is used as a connection to show a jump from one point in
                                    Connector
                                    (Inspection)         the flowchart to another. Connectors are usually labelled
                                                         in pairs to show matching jump points.



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