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3.   The following  questions  consist  of  two  statements  – Assertion  (A)  and Reasoning  (R).
                         Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
                         Assertion (A): Conditional statements in Java allow you to execute different code blocks based
                         on specified conditions.
                         Reason (R):  They  enhance  the  flexibility  and  control  of  a  Java  program,  providing  branching
                         based on logical tests.
                          (a)  Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A)
                          (b)  Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of
                            Assertion(A)
                          (c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false
                          (d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true
                         Assertion (A): Looping statements in Java are used to execute a block of code repeatedly.
                         Reason (R): They help streamline repetitive tasks and keep code concise by iterating through a
                         specified range.
                          (a)  Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A)
                          (b)  Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of
                            Assertion(A)
                          (c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false
                          (d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true


                                                                                         #Coding & Computational Thinking
                  Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
                  1.   Observe the given Java code and state what is it doing? Try and
                     execute the same.
                    public class magic {
                      public static void main(String[] args) {
                        int sum = 0;
                        int n = 1000;
                        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
                          sum += i;
                        }
                        System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
                      }
                    }
                  2.  Rahit is asked to write a Java program for finding the perimeter of a rectangle.
                    public class peri {
                      public static void main(String[] args) {
                        int l = 50;
                        int w = 25;
                        int per =2*l+w
                        }
                        System.out.println("Perimeter of rectangle, with sides 50 and 25 cm is
                  = " + per + " cm");
                      }
                    }
                  He is getting answer as 125 cm instead of 150 cm. He has some error in his code. Cite the error, state its
                  type and explain it.




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