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TYPES OF DATABASES
There are mainly two types of databases:
Flat File Database: It is a type of database that contains records having a
less number of fields without any structured relationship between them. The
most popular example of a flat file database is Excel 2016. Access 2016
Relational Database: It is a type of database that stores data in several tables and links those
tables together to get a common piece of information. Commonly used relational database
systems are Microsoft Access, Microsoft SQL Server, ORACLE, etc.
Relational Databases
Clickipedia
The relational database was proposed by Edgar F. Codd. He gave a set of thirteen rules
(Codd’s rules) to define a Relational Database Management System.
TERMS RELATED TO A DATABASE
Data is stored in the table of a database, as shown in the below diagram.
FIELDS
Primary key
Reg No. Student's Name Father’s Name Date of Birth Class
187/11 Krishna Kant Mr. K.S. Kant 15/08/2007 VIII
RECORDS 156/12 Rishi Sharma Mr. N.K. Sharma 22/10/2008 IX
Suraj Patel
194/11
16/04/2008
Mr. G.S. Patel
IX
123/12 Priyansh Sagar Mr. P.K. Sagar 18/06/2007 VIII
Table: Student's detail
The commonly used terms of the relational database are:
Table: Table is also knowns as Relation. It is a group of related data organised in columns
and rows in a database. The columns contain a number of headings such as Reg No., Name,
Father's Name, Date of Birth, Class, etc. These columns are also known as a Fields. A set of
values for the fields is called a Record. Record is one row of the table.
Primary Key: It is a unique field by which the records are uniquely identified in a table. A table
can have only one primary key. For example, in atable 'Student's detail' the 'Reg No.' can be
referred to as primary key.
Database and DBMS—An Introduction 83

