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                                                             Program Coding










                           Chapter Profile
                              Introducing Java                                    Features of Java
                              What is Object and Class?                           Basic Principles of OOP
                              Introducing BlueJ                                   Interface of BlueJ
                              Creating First Project Using BlueJ                  Structure of a Java Program
                              Tokens                                              Operators
                              Writing Some More Programs                          Taking Values as Arguments



                 We use various types of applications to perform different operations, such as drawing, writing
                 documents, and creating presentations. These applications are known as computer programs. A
                 computer program can be defined as a collection of instructions to perform a specific task. The
                 process of writing a program is called program coding or programming.

                 We use different languages, such as Hindi, English, Gujarati, etc., to communicate with each
                 other. However, a computer cannot understand these languages. So, we need a special language
                 to communicate with a computer. The language that a computer can understand is known as a
                 programming language.
                 All the  programs  running  on  a  computer  are  written  using different  types of  programming

                 languages. There are mainly two types of programming languages: procedural  and object-
                 oriented. A procedural  language  is a programming  language  that  uses small  functions or
                 procedures to perform operations in a sequential manner. Some of the procedural programming
                 languages are C, BASIC, and FORTRAN. On the other hand, an object-oriented language is a
                 programming language that uses objects and classes in a non-sequential manner. Some of the
                 object-oriented programming languages are C++, Java, and Python. In this chapter, we will
                 learn more about Java, which is a popular object-oriented programming language.

                     INTRODUCING JAVA

                 Java is an object-oriented and high-level programming language. It was developed by James
                 Gosling at Sun Microsystems in 1995. It was acquired by Oracle in 2010. Initially, Java was
                 used to develop Internet-based applications, also known as  Applets. These applications are

                 embedded into a Web page and run with the help of a Web browser. Now, we can develop
                 different types of applications using Java.

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