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WHY DO WE NEED AN OPERATING SYSTEM?

                  Without an operating system, a computer cannot function, and users will not be able to run
                  programs because the operating system controls and coordinates the activities of both software
                  and hardware. The operating system acts as an interface between the computer and the user,
                  facilitating communication in both directions. It ensures that tasks are performed effectively and

                  without unnecessary delay by managing interactions between the various components of the
                  computer.

                      FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM

                  As we turn on the computer, the operating system
                  begins its work. After booting, the operating system

                  is  loaded into the computer's memory. Once it is
                  successfully loaded,  the operating  system takes
                  control  and  manages  all the  functions  of  the
                  computer.

                  An operating system performs various  functions.
                  Some of them are:

                      Arranging Files and Folders: An  operating
                                                                                   Functioning of Operating System
                     system helps organise the files and folders
                     stored on the hard disk. It also keeps track of information about when a file is created,
                     copied, and modified.

                      Assigning Tasks to the CPU: An operating        Clickipedia
                     system assigns tasks to the CPU based on
                     user instructions. It manages the execution       The process of loading an operating system

                     of these tasks and allocates the necessary        is called booting of the system.
                     resources to complete them.
                      Managing Memory: An operating system manages memory space for multiple processes. It
                     keeps track of every memory location, whether allocated to a process or free. It also allocates

                     memory to files and folder deallocates it when files or folders are deleted.
                      Managing Resources: An operating system monitors the hardware and software requirements

                     of processes. It acts as a manager for these resources, allocating them to different programs
                     as needed.
                      Managing Devices: An operating system controls all input and output devices connected to
                     the computer. It processes instructions from input devices and produces results on output

                     devices.
                      Security: An operating system includes built-in security features to protect programs and

                     data against unauthorised access.



                  8      iPRIME (Ver. 2.2)–VIII
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