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                                                          Operating System










                          Chapter Profile
                            Operating System                                  Why Do We Need an Operating System?
                            Functions of an Operating System                  Types of Operating System
                            What is a User Interface?                         A Comparison Between CUI and GUI



                 A computer system is a combination of hardware and software. If any of these components are
                 missing, then the computer will not work properly. The physical components of the computer system
                 that we can see and touch are called hardware. Some examples of hardware are the keyboard,
                 mouse, monitor, etc., whereas software is a program or collection of programs that perform a
                 particular task. Both hardware and software are interdependent parts of the computer system.

                 Software can be further divided into two categories:
                    System Software: This is the software that helps control all the
                    operations of the computer  system.  It helps run other  software
                    on the computer system. Some examples of system software are
                    Operating  System (OS),  utility software,  and Basic Input/Output
                    System (BIOS).

                    Application  Software: Application software is  a program
                    developed to perform a specific task. This type of software allows
                    users to do their work more efficiently and easily. For example,
                    Tally software is used for accounts-related tasks in organisations,
                    and Microsoft Word is used for day-to-day work such as typing                 Architecture of an
                                                                                                  Operating Systems
                    letters and documents.

                     OPERATING SYSTEM

                 An operating system is a system software that works as a mediator
                 between the user and the computer hardware. A computer cannot
                 function without an operating system. The operating system helps
                 users give instructions to all the parts of the computer system and
                 also helps users understand the results produced by the computer.
                                                                                                Operating Systems
                 Some of the most commonly known operating systems are Microsoft
                 Windows, Apple macOS, and Linux.


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