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Page 131 - Toucpad robotics C11
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    ∑  Medium-sized industrial servo motors (e.g., for robotic arms): 50 Watts to 500 Watts (drawing a few to tens of
                           amperes at 24V to 48V).
                     	  ∑  Large industrial servo motors (e.g., for heavy-duty industrial robots): Hundreds of Watts to several Kilowatts.
                     Sensors

                     Compared to motors, sensors generally have much lower power requirements. However, in robots with many sensors or
                     high-performance sensors, their cumulative power draw can become significant.

                     Infrared (IR) Sensors and Basic Proximity Sensors
                        Power Consumption: Very low.
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                        Factors Influencing  Consumption: Depends  on the  power  of the  infrared Light  Emitting  Diode  emitter  and the
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                        sensitivity of the receiver.
                        Typical Range: 10 milliwatts to 100 milliwatts (drawing a few milliamperes).
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                     Ultrasonic Sensors
                        Power Consumption: Low to moderate.
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                        Factors Influencing Consumption: The power required to generate the ultrasonic pulse and process the echo.
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                        Typical Range: 50 milliwatts to 500 milliwatts (drawing tens of milliamperes to a few hundreds of milliamperes).
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                     Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs - Gyroscopes and Accelerometers)

                        Power Consumption: Extremely low for basic units, moderate for high-performance units.
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                        Factors Influencing  Consumption: Complexity  of the  internal processing,  sampling  rate,  and communication
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                        interface (e.g., I2C, SPI).
                        Typical Range: 1 milliwatt to 100 milliwatts (drawing microamperes to tens of milliamperes).
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                     Cameras (Vision Sensors)
                        Power Consumption: Moderate  to  high, especially  for high-resolution,  high-frame-rate cameras  or those  with
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                        onboard image processing.
                        Factors Influencing Consumption: Sensor resolution, frame rate, internal image processing, presence of additional
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                        features like infrared illumination or depth sensing.
                        Typical Range:
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                     	  ∑  Small low-resolution camera modules: 100 milliwatts to 1 Watt.
                     	  ∑  High-resolution cameras with onboard processing (e.g., for computer vision in autonomous robots): 1 Watt to 10
                           Watts or more.
                     Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) Sensors
                        Power Consumption: Often among the highest for sensors, due to the powerful lasers and rapid scanning mechanisms.
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                        Factors Influencing Consumption: Number of laser beams, rotational speed (for spinning LIDAR), range, and resolution.
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                        Typical Range: 5 Watts to 50 Watts or even more for high-performance automotive-grade LIDAR units. Some small,
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                        solid-state LIDAR units might consume less.

                     Other Actuators
                     Besides electric motors, robots can use other types of actuators with varying power requirements.

                     Pneumatic Actuators
                        Power Consumption: The actuators  themselves  (cylinders,  valves) consume  very  little  power. However, the  air
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                        compressor that supplies the pressurised air is often a significant power consumer.
                        Factors Influencing Consumption: Size and duty cycle of the compressor, the pressure required, and the frequency
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                        of actuation.
                        Typical Range: The compressor can range from hundreds of Watts to several Kilowatts.
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                                                                                                     Electrical and Control Systems

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