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Page 171 - Toucpad robotics C11
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    7.  Attendance option:
                               RFID (Arduino): MFRC522 module via SPI (SDA, SCK, MOSI, MISO, RST) to respective pins.
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                               QR (Pi): Connect camera; no extra wiring.
                            °
                     E.  Software Setup
                            Arduino path: Install Arduino IDE   libraries: NewPing (ultrasonic), Servo, MFRC522 (RFID).
                            l
                            Raspberry Pi path: Boot Pi OS   sudo apt install python3-opencv python3-pip   pip install gpiozero qrcode
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                            pyzbar (or opencv-python)   enable camera in raspi-config.
                     F.  Control Logic (write first as blocks/flowcharts)
                        1.  Main loop (navigation):
                               Read front distance (or left/right IR).
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                               If distance < threshold   stop   turn away (short reverse + spin)   continue.
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                               Else drive forward with PWM for smooth motion.
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                        2.  Servo lid:
                               On button press or arrival flag   servo open   wait   close.
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                        3.  Energy saver:
                               Read LDR (ambient light).
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                               If dark and motion (optional PIR) detected   relay ON; else OFF.
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                        4.  Attendance (choose one):
                               RFID: On tag detect   log ID + timestamp to Serial/SD.
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                               QR (Pi): Capture frame   decode QR   log to CSV + show status.
                            °
                     G.  Step-by-Step Execution (Arduino path example)
                        1.   Test modules individually:
                               a) Blink test; b) Read ultrasonic; c) Spin motors via L298N; d) Move servo; e) Toggle relay; f) Read RFID tag.
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                        2.  Integrate mobility:
                               Combine ultrasonic + motors   basic obstacle avoidance (forward/turn).
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                        3.  Add servo lid:
                               Trigger via push-button; verify open/close angles (e.g., 0°/90°).
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                        4.  Add energy saver:
                               Calibrate LDR threshold (note ADC value for lights ON/OFF).
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                        5.  Add RFID attendance:
                               Store known tag IDs; print “Present: Name” on serial/LCD; optional SD log.
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                        6.  Full system run:
                               Start robot   navigate corridor model (masking tape lanes)   stop at a “delivery spot” mark   open lid
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                               return   attendance check at a station   energy saver demo in a darkened box/room.
                        7.  Tuning:
                               Adjust ultrasonic threshold, motor PWM, servo angles, LDR threshold.
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                        8.  Document:
                               Block diagram, wiring photo, flowcharts, evidence (serial logs/video), and a 1-page reflection (what worked/
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                               what to improve).
                     H.  Step-by-Step Execution (Raspberry Pi path example)
                        1.  GPIO quick tests with gpiozero: LED blink   motor driver control.
                        2.  Camera test: OpenCV preview   capture frame   save.
                        3.  QR decode: Use pyzbar/OpenCV to read sample QR; write CSV log.
                        4.  Ultrasonic or IR read: Print distance/proximity; define threshold.

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