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                                                                                         LEARNING OBJECTIVES
                                                                                         •  But What Truly Defines a Robot?
                                                                                         •  Brief History and Evolution of Robotics
                                                                                         •  How Robots Operate: The Core
                                                                                            Components
                                                                                         •  The Role of Sensors: Robot’s ‘Senses’
                                                                                         •  The Power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in
                                                                                            Robotics
                                                                                         •  Autonomous vs. Semi-Autonomous
                                                                                            Operation
                                                                                         •  Ethical Considerations and The Future of
                                                                                            Robotics
                                                                                         •  New Age Robotics Systems: Advanced AI
                                                                                            and Machine Learning Applications
                                                                                         •  Components of Robots: System
                                                                                            Visualisation, Design, and Creation
                     INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTS:                                             •  Relating Physics & Mathematics to
                                                                                            Robotics: The Scientific Foundations
                                                                                         •  Algorithms for Programming and
                                                                                            Problem-Solving
                     WHAT EXACTLY ARE THEY?                                              •  Project Management in Robotics:
                                                                                            Orchestrating Innovation

                     Welcome to the fascinating world of Robotics! From the dazzling imagination of science fiction movies to the practical
                     reality of automated factories, robots are steadily becoming an integral part of our everyday lives.

                                  ROBOT                    COBOT                     MOBOT                 HOBOT
                              Industrial Robot         Collaborative Robot         Mobile Robot        Humanoid Robot

                     But What Truly Defines a Robot?

                     Is it just  a human-like  machine  with arms, legs, and blinking  lights? Not  necessarily!  A  robot  can take  many
                     forms—ranging from robotic arms assembling cars to tiny machines navigating inside the human body. At its core, a
                     robot is a programmable machine designed to carry out specific tasks, often with a degree of autonomy. Robots can
                     sense their environment, process information, and act accordingly. They come in all shapes and sizes, depending on
                     their  function—some  look  like  insects,  others  like  vacuum  cleaners, and some  even fly like  drones. Robotics  blends
                     mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, and artificial intelligence to bring machines to life. As technology
                     continues to evolve, robots will play an even larger role in fields such as healthcare, space exploration, defence, and
                     everyday household tasks.
                     To understand a robot better, let’s look at its fundamental characteristics:
                     1.  Sensing: A robot must be able to perceive its surroundings. Just like humans use their five senses (sight, hearing,
                        touch, smell, taste), robots use special devices called sensors to gather information about their environment. This
                        information could be about distance, light, temperature, presence of objects, or even pressure.
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                                                                                        Introduction to Robots: What Exactly are They?

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