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    Rotation: Turning the object around the X-axis (roll), Y-axis (pitch), and Z-axis (yaw).
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                     While a complex robotic arm might have many more degrees of freedom (one for each joint), these six fundamental
                     degrees of freedom are what we use to manipulate objects in a virtual design environment.
                                                              Rotational Movement about
                                 Translational Movement                                        Six Degrees of Freedom
                                in Three Perpendicular Axes    Three Perpendicular Axes
                                                                                                  Heave
                                    Heave                             Roll                     Roll           Sway
                                               Sway

                                            Surge              Yaw                             Yaw
                                                                                                              Surge
                                                                            Pitch                          Pitch

                             Surge: Moving forward/backward     Roll: Tilting side-to-side           Surge   Roll
                             Heave: Moving up/down              Pitch Tilting forward and backward   Heave  Pitch
                             Sway: Moving left/right            Yaw: Turning left and right          Sway   Yaw

                     3D Modelling: Designing Structures in a Virtual Space
                     3D Modelling is the process of creating a three-dimensional representation of an object using specialised software. It’s an
                     indispensable skill for robotics engineers, allowing them to design a robot’s mechanical components, chassis, and mounts
                     before building a physical prototype. This saves time and resources by enabling virtual testing and refinement.
                     A beginner-friendly, browser-based tool for creating 3D models is Tinkercad. It’s an excellent platform for students to
                     learn the basics of manipulating shapes in a virtual space.

                     Designing Structures in Tinkercad Using Degrees of Freedom

                     Tinkercad’s interface is built around the six degrees of freedom. You design by placing and manipulating basic geometric
                     shapes, which can then be combined or subtracted from each other.
                     Manipulating Shapes

                        When you place a shape (like a cube or a cylinder) onto the workplane (the virtual ground), you can control its
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                        position, size, and orientation using the six degrees of freedom.
                        Moving: You can click and drag the shape to move it along the X and Y axes on the workplane. You can also use a
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                        small cone or arrow on the shape to lift it up or down along the Z-axis.
                        Scaling: By clicking and dragging the white and black squares on the corners and edges of the shape, you can
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                        manipulate its size. You can scale it along all three axes, effectively changing its length (X), width (Y), and height (Z).
                        This is a direct application of translational degrees of freedom to change the shape’s dimensions.

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                                                                                                              Mechanical System

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