Page 11 - Trackpad_V5_Book 8
P. 11

The components required to build a network are:

               Sender: A sender is a computer that wants to send information to another computer connected
              to the network.

               Receiver: A receiver is a computer which is expecting the data from another computer on the
              network.

               Transmission Medium: The transmission medium, usually a wire or a cable, is what enables you
              to transfer data from one computer to another. Wireless communication between networked
              computers and peripherals is also possible.

               Message:  A  message  is  the  information  or  data  which needs  to  be  transferred from one

              computer to another.
               Protocol: A protocol is a set of standard rules used for communication.




                       REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPUTER NETWORKING

            To establish a computer network, we need some peripherals. Let us take a look at some of the
            peripherals required to establish a network.


            NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)

            The NIC joins a computer to a network and allows it to communicate
            with other computers on the network.


            HUB
            A hub is a networking device that allows us to connect multiple computers to a single network. A

                                       hub works on the physical layer. It takes the input data from one of the
                                       ports and broadcasts the information to all other ports connected to
                                       the  network.  It has no decision-making  capability,  so  it's  a  non-
                                       intelligent device. Only one transmission takes place on a network at a
                                       particular time.


            SWITCH

            A switch has a decision-making capacity, so it is called  an
            intelligent device that works in the data link layer. It has
            knowledge of the machine and addresses of the ports in
            the network. A switch is a secure device that establishes
            a link between the sender and the receiver, based on the
            machine addresses to transmit information.








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