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Name                        Size (bits)                        Examples

                 Bit                                         1                               0 or 1
                 Nibble                                      4                             1010, 1001

                 Byte                                        8                        11001001, 00110011
                 Word                                       16                        1010101010101010,

                                                                                      1111000011110011

                 In a binary number, if the last digit is 1, the number is odd. If the last digit is 0, the number is
                 even. For example, the binary number 1001 represents the odd number 9, while 1110 represents
                 the even number 14.
                 To understand how to form binary numbers, note that the binary system uses only two digits:
                 0 and 1, giving it a base of 2. Each digit, or bit, can be either 0 or 1. Binary digits combine to
                 represent various quantities, such as 1001. In binary, the positional value of each digit is twice the
                 place value or face value of the digit to its right. The weight of each position in a binary number

                 is a power of 2.
                 The place value of the digits according to position and weight is as follows:

                           Position       3         2         1          0                  –1         –2
                                                                                   .
                           Weights        2 3       2 2       2 1       2 0                 2 –1      2 –2

                        Boost Bits


                  A single binary digit, either '0' or '1', is known as a 'bit'. For instance, the sequence 11010 is
                  made up of five bits. The term 'bit' is a combination of the words 'binary' and 'digit'.


                 Octal Number System


                 The octal number system has a base of 8 and uses 8 digits: 0 to 7. Each place in an octal number
                 represents a power of 8. For example, (345)₈ is an octal number. Octal makes long binary numbers
                 shorter and simpler.

                  Position                  2            1           0                     -1            -2
                                                                                   .
                  Weight                   8 2          8 1          8 0                   8 -1          8 -2
                 Hexadecimal Number System

                 The hexadecimal system has a base of 16 and uses 16 symbols: 0 to 9 and A to F. The letters A to F

                 mean 10 to 15. Each place in a hexadecimal number represents a power of 16. For example, (764)₁₆ is
                 a hexadecimal number. Hexadecimal helps make long binary numbers easier to read.

                  Position                  2            1           0                     -1            -2
                                                                                   .
                  Weight                   16 2         16 1        16 0                   16 -1         16 -2





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