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There are two types of modems: internal and
external. An internal modem is built inside the
CPU box/cabinet, similar to the motherboard. An
external modem is a separate device connected
to the computer via a USB port and usually has
small indicator lights.
Ports
A port is a slot on the motherboard where you connect various computer components, such
as a keyboard, mouse, monitor, etc. Different types of ports on the motherboard allow you to
connect both internal and external devices. Here are some common ones:
Some of them are as follows:
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Port: It is also known as standard connection
interface, it is used to connect USB devices and supply them with power. It
is commonly used for connecting devices like mouse and keyboard to the
computer.
Ethernet Port: This port connects the network cable to the computer, providing
Internet and network access.
VGA Port: The Video Graphics Array (VGA) port connects monitors using
analog video signals. It has holes that correspond to the pins on the VGA
connector. VGA is known for lower image quality compared to modern
digital connections.
HDMI Port: The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) port
connects devices with high-definition video and audio signals. It supports
digital signals, offering superior image and sound quality compared to
analog ports like VGA.
Serial Port: It is also called a communication port, it transfers data one bit
at a time in a sequence. It uses pins to connect to the computer and was
commonly used for connecting modems.
Parallel Port: It is similar to a serial port, but instead of
transferring data one bit at a time, it transfers multiple bits
simultaneously. Parallel ports are used for connecting devices
that need high-speed data transfer, such as printers.
PS/2 Port: It was used for connecting keyboard and mouse but has largely
been replaced by USB ports.
Audio Port: This port connects external audio devices such as speakers,
headphones, and microphones to the computer.
Computer—Hardware Components 9

