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Computer—Hardware 1
Components
Goal Glimpse
Hardware New Trends in Hardware
A computer system consists of two main components: hardware and software. Both are
essential for the computer to work. Without software, the hardware can’t do anything, and
without hardware, the software can’t run.
Software includes the instructions that allow a computer to perform tasks and is also known as a
computer program. It can be divided into two main categories: system software and application
software. We have covered various types of software in previous classes. Now, let us focus on
learning more about hardware in this chapter.
HARDWARE
All the physical parts of a computer system are known as hardware. These are the components
you can see or touch. Hardware is divided into two categories: internal and external. Let’s
explore these in detail.
Internal Hardware Components
Internal hardware components are located inside the CPU box\cabinet. Examples include the
CPU, Motherboard, Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS), Disk Drives, Modem, Ports, etc. Let us
learn more about some of them in detail.
CPU
Memory Unit
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a processor
and sometimes called a microprocessor. It is the
Control Unit
computer’s brain as it performs all the calculations
and runs programs, managing operations and
executing the basic instructions that control the ALU
computer.
Computer—Hardware Components 7

