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Data Type Size (in bits) Minimum Value Maximum Value
double 64 4.9E –324 1.7976931348623157E308
boolean 1 True or False
Non-Primitive Data Types
Non-primitive data types are derived from the base data types and make reference to objects. It is
also called reference data types. Examples of non-primitive data types include classes, interfaces,
and arrays.
Literals
A literal represents a fixed value in Java. There are different types of literals:
Character Literal: It is enclosed in single quotes and contains exactly one character.
For example, 'a' represents the letter 'a.'.
String Literal: Always enclosed in double quotes. It may be the alphabet, numbers, special
characters, blank spaces, etc. "Hello World" and "123" are examples of a string literal.
Integer Literal: A whole number without a decimal point. For example, 10 and 012 are integer
literals.
Floating-Point Literal: Any number with a decimal point, such as 3.12, is a floating-point
literal.
Boolean Literal: It represents either true or false and does not correspond to numeric values
like 0 or 1.
Variables
Variables are memory locations where values are stored. When you create a variable, the computer
allocates space in memory for it. This memory space is identified by the name assigned to the
variable. It is easy to create a variable in Java."
Declaring a Variable
In Java, you must declare a variable before using it. Declaring a variable involves two steps:
naming the variable and specifying the type of data it will store.
For example,
int age;
String name;
float temp;
double price;
Here, four variables named age, name, temp, and price are declared with the int, String, float, and
double data types, respectively.
Think, if comments in Java are secret messages from a wise mentor. What
advice or tips would you leave in your code for future programmers to
discover?
Program Coding 57

