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Hub or Switch
A hub is a basic network device with multiple ports used to connect
devices such as computers and printers. It broadcasts incoming data
to all connected devices, regardless of the intended recipient. This
broadcast method can lead to network congestion and reduced
performance, particularly in busy networks.
In contrast, a switch also connects devices through multiple ports, but directs data specifically to
the intended recipient. This targeted approach reduces unnecessary network traffic and enhances
overall efficiency, making switches more suitable for larger or more active networks.
Router
A router is a network device that connects two or more networks
and manages the flow of data between them. It determines the
most efficient path for data packets to travel from the source to
the destination by using routing tables and algorithms. Routers are
typically situated at the junctions where different networks meet, such
as between a local area network (LAN) and the internet, or between
multiple LANs.
Modem
Modem stands for modulator-demodulator. It is a hardware device that connects
your computer or network to the Internet by converting digital data into analog
signals for transmission over phone lines or cables and then converting incoming
analog signals back into digital data. This process, called modulation (digital to
analog) and demodulation (analog to digital), allows your computer to send and
receive data, enabling Internet access.
Networking Cable
Networking cables are physical cables used to connect and transmit data
between devices in a network. They come in various types, each designed
for specific networking needs and technologies. Some of the most common
types of networking cables are Ethernet cables (twisted pair cables), coaxial
cables, fibre optic cables, etc.
Gateway
A gateway is a network device that connects and allows
communication between two different networks, often with
differing protocols or architectures. It serves as a bridge, enabling
data to flow between networks that use different communication
methods or standards. Additionally, gateways help manage and
secure data traffic between these networks, providing functions
such as protocol translation, traffic routing, and network security.
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