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These networks can be categorised based on their connectivity methods, which are wired
networks and wireless networks. Each type of network serves different purposes and operates on
different scales ranging from local networks within a single building to vast networks spanning
across the globe.
NEED FOR COMPUTER NETWORK
Computers and other devices connected to a network help in:
Resource Sharing: It helps the users share files and hardware devices such as printers,
scanners, etc.
Communication: It helps us communicate with others through e-mail, video conferencing,
instant messaging, etc.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
The advantages of computer networks are:
Facilitates quick and easy communication between users across various locations.
Allows multiple users to access and share resources like printers and files.
Stores data at one central location, making it easier to manage and back up information.
Reduces costs by sharing resources and services among multiple users.
Enables access to network resources from different locations via the Internet.
Easily expandable to accommodate additional users and resources as needed.
Provides centralised security measures to protect data from unauthorised access.
COMPONENTS OF A DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
There are mainly five components of data communication system, which are as follows:
Sender: A sender is a computer that wants to send information to another computer on the
network.
Receiver: A receiver is a computer that is waiting to get information from another computer
on the network.
Transmission Medium: The transmission medium is a communication channel through
which information travels from one computer to another.
Message: A message is the information or data being sent from one computer to another.
Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules that computers follow to communicate with each other.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES
There are several terms related to a computer network. Let us discuss some of them.
Server
A server is a computer that manages and shares resources like files and programs with other
computers (called clients) on the network. It provides a centralised storage area for programs,
data, and information. Servers can be categorised in the following category:
Dedicated server: A computer that performs a specific task, like hosting a particular application
or service.
Computer Networking 115

