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UBUNTU OPERATING SYSTEM





                 Ubuntu  is  a popular  open-source operating  system based  on  the Debian  Linux  distribution.  It is  developed  and
                 maintained by Canonical Ltd. Ubuntu is known for its user-friendly interface, ease of use, and robust community
                 support.
































                 Working with Directories

                 In  Ubuntu  OS, as in  any other  operating  system,  files  and  directories serve fundamental  roles  in  organising  and
                 managing data within the file system.
                 Directories (Folders) in Ubuntu are containers that are used to organise and group related files and subdirectories. In
                 directories, files and subdirectories are arranged in the hierarchical structure (tree-like structure). In Ubuntu OS, the
                 root directory is denoted by /. This is the top-level directory in the file system hierarchy. Everything starts from here.

                                                                    /




                    /bin  /boot  /dev  /etc  /home  /lib  /media /mnt  /opt  /proc  /sbin  /srv  /sys  /tmp  /usr  /var


                 Some commonly used directories in Ubuntu are:
                 •  /bin: It contains essential binaries (executable files) that are required for system operation. Common commands like
                   ls, cp, mv, etc., reside here.
                 •  /boot: It contains files necessary for booting the system, such as the kernel, bootloader configuration, and other
                   boot-related files.
                 •  /dev: It contains device files, which are used to interact with hardware devices.
                 •  /etc: It contains system-wide configuration files. Configuration files for various services and programs are typically
                   stored here.
                 •  /home: It contains home directories for users. Each user typically has their own subdirectory here, where they can
                   store their files and personal settings.




                                                                                              Ubuntu Operating System  101
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