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Some of the commonly used operating systems are:
• Windows Operating System: Windows is developed by Microsoft. It is available these days in different versions and
every year its improvised versions are released. It supports Graphical Interface where by using a few mouse clicks
can get the job done.
• Linux: It is an open source operating system having Unix-like features designed for personal computers. It is free and
open-source software.
• Ubuntu: It is a popular, open-source operating system based on the Linux kernel. It is developed and maintained by
Canonical Ltd. and the Ubuntu community. It is Known for its ease of use.
• Mobile Operating System: Mobile operating systems have Graphical User Interface with menus and buttons
supporting different types of apps on Smartphones, tablets, smart watches or other portable devices. It is a
combination of an operating system and communication technology. The different mobile OS available these days are:
w Android OS w Windows OS w iOS
Tick ( ) if you know this.
Operating System (OS) is a system software which is compulsory for the computer.
System software is a software which is compulsory for the computer.
Classes/Types of Operating Systems
Different types of operating systems are available in the market for different types of users.
• Distributed Operating System: In this type of operating system, a set of computers located at different geographical
areas are interconnected through a network. The data input and storage is managed by one set of computers
and processing is handled by another set of computers. All of them are integrated to form a distributed system.
Windows, Unix, and Linux are the best examples of distributed operating systems.
• Batch Processing OS: These manage and execute jobs in batches, typically without user interaction (historically
significant in mainframe environments).
• Time-sharing OS: Also known as multi-user OS, they allow multiple users to interact with the system concurrently.
• Network Operating System: It is installed on the server to manage multiple tasks given by multiple users connected
through the network. It provides strong security features by login ids and password facility that are accessed through
different terminals meant only for different users located at different locations. Examples are Microsoft Windows
Server 2003, Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Unix, Linux, Mac OS X, Novell NetWare, etc.
WINDOWS 11 OPERATING SYSTEM
Windows 11 is a Graphical User Interface operating system and was officially released to the public in October 2021,
by Microsoft Corporation. It is a new operating system with user friendly, efficient and easy to use features.
It is designed for personal use at home and in the office using desktops, laptops and tablets with major. It provides
faster updates and improved battery performance for laptops and tablets.
After you switch on the computer, a few initial steps of booting the operating system occurs and Windows 11 gets
loaded into the computer's memory. It remains in the computer's memory till the power is on and assists in the
smooth functioning of the computer.
Desktop is the first screen that appears on the monitor after Windows 11 is loaded. Just like an office desk where your
things related to everyday jobs are organised to increase your efficiency, similarly the desktop of Windows 11 is the
main screen area that contains some basic components that uses dialog box, windows, menus, files and folders to
provide quick access to the software for efficient use.
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