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While simple to understand and navigate, this model can be rigid and challenging to adapt when data relationships
              change.
              The hierarchical data model encompasses the following elements:

              •  It comprises nodes linked by branches.
              •  The highest node is known as the root node.
              •  When multiple nodes exist at the highest level, they are termed root segments.
              •  Every node possesses precisely one parent.
              •  A single parent can have numerous children.
              The following figure shows the hierarchical data model:


                                                             Electronics





                                       Televisions                               Portable Electronics



                                                                        MP3             CD            2 way
                          Tube            LCD           Plasma
                                                                       Players        Players         Radios


                                                                       FLASH


              In the figure, “Electronics” is the main category, like the trunk of a tree. It has two main branches: “Televisions” and
              “Portable Electronics.” Each of these branches then further divides into more specific types, like “Tube,” “LCD,” and
              “Plasma” under “Televisions.” This setup shows how one category can have several subcategories, like a family tree.

              Network Data Model
              The Network Data Model has multiple records linked to the same master file. It is also considered as an inverted tree
              where master is present in the bottom of the tree and the branches contain information linked to the master. This
              model offers more flexibility in organising data, but it can be harder to manage compared to simpler models.

              The following figure shows the network data model:

                                                                Project





                                         Project 1                                    Project 2






                                 Department A                Department B                Department C

              In the figure, “Project” stands as the starting point, with two branches: “Project 1” and “Project 2”. “Project 1” has three
              further branches, while “Project 2” has two. Together, they comprise five branches: “Department A,” “Department B,”
              and “Department C,” all network related. As mentioned earlier, this model allows multiple parents, so “Department B”
              and “Department C” have two parents each: “Project 1” and “Project 2”.


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