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Factors                 Land Pollution             Water Pollution             Air Pollution
               How to prevent it?      •  Reduce waste            •  Do not throw waste into   •  Use renewable sources

                                       •  Segregate (separate)      water bodies                of energy
                                         waste products           •  Do not throw chemicals,   •  Avoid polluting vehicles
                                       •  Plant trees               medicines, oils, etc., in   •  Stop others from

                                       •  Adopt natural and         drains                      burning waste and
                                         organic farming methods •  Avoid using pesticides and   left-over crops
                                       •  Use biodegradable items   fertilisers               •  Avoid pesticides and
                                                                  •  Ensure proper treatment of   fertilisers which release
                                                                    sewage and factory waste    harmful gases
                                                                  •  Use water wisely





                      Tick ( ) if you know this.
                         Pollution means contamination of our surroundings that toxifies air, water, soil, etc.
                        Water Pollution is contamination of water bodies like streams, rivers, oceans, etc.

                        Reuse of the products will save the cost of making disposable products.

              Climate Change

              Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere mainly due to greenhouse
              gases (carbon dioxide, CFC's) produced by a lot of human activities. It has resulted in melting of glaciers, rising sea
              level and intense heat waves all across the globe. It is one of the major environmental issues, as it creates an ecological
              imbalance and has become a reason for the extinction of many plant and animal species. Main causes of global
              warming are:























              •  Excessive use of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas produces greenhouse gases-like methane, nitrous oxide and
                mainly carbon dioxide which trap the sun’s radiation within the atmosphere resulting in rise in global temperature.
                This is called green house effect.
              •  Trees absorb CO  from the atmosphere and release oxygen instead, so they work as air purifiers. Deforestation due
                               2
                to urbanisation and industrialisation has reduced the number of trees on the earth. This has resulted in the increase
                of carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere.
              •  Over-consumption of natural resources due to population explosion has also contributed to global warming.
              •  Increase in pollution is also responsible for the rise in global warming.



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