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• Verbs: Verbs are "doing words". It can be a word or a group of words that describes an action or a state of being.
For example:
w Shruti danced to celebrate my victory.
w Gardener plucked the flower.
• Adverbs: Adverb is a word that describes a verb, an adjective or another adverb. It also tells how an action was
done. For example:
w John never participated in conversation.
w Keep the book on the table placed there.
• Adjective: An adjective is a word that defines a noun or a pronoun. For example:
w I have a beautiful dress.
w My smart dog runs on a smooth road.
• Conjunction: Conjunction is a word that joins words, phrases, clauses, or sentences together. There are different
types of conjunctions. Some conjunctions may be used to make a list while some may be used to connect thoughts,
ideas or actions. For example:
w I bought a pen, pencil, and ruler for my exams.
w Neither this bridge nor that road is good to travel by car.
• Preposition: Preposition is a word that shows a relationship between a noun and a pronoun in a sentence. For example:
w My cat is sitting under a dining table.
w She jumped into the river.
• Interjection: An interjection is a word or a phrase that expresses a sudden or a strong feeling. Grammatically they
are not related in a sentence but expresses a relationship between a word and a phrase in a sentence. Sometimes
they are followed by an exclamation mark(!). For example:
w Alas! I am so lost without you.
w Great! You are coming with me.
USE OF ARTICLES
An article is a word that describes a noun. It is used before a noun to show whether it is specific or not. In English
grammar there are three articles—A, An, The. They fall into the following two categories: definite and indefinite.
Definite—The
"THE" is a definite article which is used before a noun that indicates something clear or obvious. For example:
• The sun shines bright today.
• Give me the book on the table.
• The air quality is very bad in this place.
Indefinite—A, An
• 'A' and 'An' are indefinite articles which are used before a noun that are not specific or known before. "A" is used
before a word beginning with a consonant (alphabets other than vowels) sound. For example:
w A book (it can be any book)
w A game (it can be any game)
• "An" is used before a word that begins with a vowel(a, e, i, o, u) sound. For example, an umbrella, an hour, an ice
cream cone, etc.
34 Trackpad Information Technology (Ver. 1.0)-IX

