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• Vowels: The English alphabet has five vowels (a, e, i, o and u) but there are 12 vowel sounds. This means, most
vowels can be pronounced in different ways. We make a vowel sound when we read a vowel in a word. For example,
we pronounce the letter 'i' in the word 'bit' by using a vowel sound. In Hindi, it is fcV
• Diphthongs (combination sound of two vowels): We make a diphthong sound when we combine two vowels.
Diphthongs start as one vowel sound and go to another. For example, the sound 'ou' in the word "house" is a
diphthong or a combination. In Hindi, it is gkÅl
• Consonants: A consonant sound is any sound that is neither a vowel nor a diphthong sound. For example, we use
consonant sounds to say the letters 'p' and 't' in the word Pot. In Hindi, it is ikWV
Some more examples of different sounds are given in the table below:
Vowels Sounds
long 'ee' ( h) sound short 'i' ( f ) sound long 'u' ( q ) sound long 'oo' ( w ) sound
Sleep Lyhi Slip fLyi Book cqd Boot cwV
Keep dhi Dip fMi Put iqV Group xwzi
Feel iQhy Fill fiQy Foot iqQV Two Vw
Combination vowel (diphthong) sounds
'ea' sound ( f $ k) 'ae' sound ( s ) 'oa' sound ( ks ) 'ou' sound ( k $ q )
Near fu;j Late ysV Boat cksV Mouth ekmFk
Dear fM;j Cake osQd Loan yksu Cow dkm
Hear fg;j Game xse Most eksLV Cloud DykmM
Consonant sound
'p i' sound 't i' sound 'k d' sound 'l y' sound
Pen isu Train Vªsu Book cqd Look yqd
Report fjiksVZ Story LVksjh Cold dksYM Place Iysl
Stop LVksi Put iqV Music E;wftd School LowQy
ASKING QUESTIONS-I
A question is a sentence, phrase, or word that either asks for information, or is used to test someone's knowledge. We
always use a question mark (?) at the end of a question.
Do you sometimes feel afraid to ask questions? This is a common feeling, and it can stop you from getting the
information you need.
What Happens If You Don't Ask Questions at the Right Time?
If you don't ask questions when you need to, several things can happen:
• Confusion: You might not understand things correctly.
Communication Skills-I 37

