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•  Salinity Management: The water, after evaporating from the soil, leaves behind salt. It is generally seen in the areas
                   near sea, lakes, oceans and in weathering of rocks. It affects soil fertility and reduces absorption of water by plant.
                   Using humic acids can prevent this or growing crops like saltbush can rejuvenate soil and replenish lost nutrients.
                 •  Earthworms: Earthworms are considered as best friends of farmers. By introducing more earthworms, we can
                   increase the fertility of soil. They eat up the soil and fungi present in it due to no-till farming, digest the organic
                   matter present in it and excrete wastes full of plant nutrients known as worm cast which makes soil fertile. They
                   aerate the soil by making burrows.
                 •  Stream Bank Protection: During the rainy season or floods, the vegetative cover of the stream bank is often washed
                   away into the stream, leading to soil erosion. This can be prevented by forming vegetation, constructing rock ripraps,
                   planting trees, and growing native grasses and shrubs along a stream bank.
                 Energy Conservation

                 Energy conservation involves preserving of non-renewable resources like coal, oil, and natural gas by using it judiciously
                 and reducing its wastage, so that it can be preserved for the generations to come. Increase in the consumption of oil
                 and natural gas has lead to an increase in the level of carbon dioxide causing change in climatic conditions. There are
                 different ways to conserve energy:




















                 •  Using alternate sources of energy: There are many alternate sources of energy that can be utilised for different
                   purposes:
                      w Wind Energy
                      w Geothermal Energy

                      w Solar Energy
                      w Nuclear Energy
                      w Tidal Energy
                      w Biofuels and Biomass Energy
                 •  Using energy efficiently: This is an important factor for environmental protection, financial benefits for individuals
                   and for the country as a whole. Following the method given below will be a great help in the consumption of energy
                   efficiently:

                      w Using maximum daylight, CFLs, turning off electrical appliances when not in use.
                      w Using energy efficient appliances at home and in offices. It consumes less energy and saves more money.
                      w Using public transport, carpooling, driving less, and walking more or using a bicycle for small distances.
                      w Keeping the doors closed for efficient use of air conditioners.
                 •  Creating awareness among people: If we create awareness among our people, then half of the battle in conserving
                   energy is won. This awareness can be brought by:
                      w Educating people for efficient use of energy at homes and in offices.


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