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6.   What are the sources of pollution?                                                       [NCERT]
                   Ans.  Poisonous gases emitted from factories & vehicles, chemicals & garbage dumped in the waterbodies, excessive sound
                       of vehicles, etc. Noise pollution is caused due to the sound generated by Industrial and Constructional activities, factory
                       equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machineries.

                    7.  Write any three actions which you can take to conserve energy.                            [NCERT]
                   Ans.  • Use alternative sources of energy.
                       •  Implement government policies in order to safeguard our natural resources.
                       •  Recycle and reuse elements and products.
                    8.   Name any three components of the Green Economy.
                   Ans.  The three components of the green economy are:
                       •  Renewable Energy.
                       •  Green Buildings.
                       •  Green Transport.
                    9.   What is the Green Skills Development Programme?
                   Ans.  The government of India launched the Green Skills Development Programme (GSDP) in India in the year 2017. This was
                       started by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in partnership with National Skill Development
                       Agency (NSDA). It aims to develop green skilled workers having technical knowledge and commitment to sustainable
                       development.
                   10.   Define Green jobs? Give example.
                   Ans.  People possessing Green Skills are getting jobs in the fields of agriculture, manufacturing, research and development,
                       administrative, and service activities that are aimed at sustaining and protecting the environment. These jobs are called
                       Green Jobs.

                 B.   Long answer type questions.
                    1.   Explain two types of environment.
                   Ans.  ●   Natural Environment: When all living and non-living elements occur naturally in our surroundings and affect life in its
                         natural ways by encompassing interaction of all living species and natural resources, it forms our natural environment.
                         Plants and animals living on land, in air, or water form our natural environment. It may be claimed as Abiotic and Biotic.
                       •  Man-Made Environment: It is the environment created by humans to create an atmosphere comfortable for him to
                         interact and adjust to the natural environment. For example, permanent human settlements like villages, towns, cities,
                         transport and communication facilities, factories, dams, etc.
                    2.   What are the main causes of global warming?
                   Ans.  The main causes of global warming are as follows:
                       •   Excessive use of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas produces greenhouse gases-like methane, nitrous oxide and
                         mainly carbon dioxide which trap the sun’s radiation within the atmosphere resulting in rise in global temperature.
                       •  Trees absorb CO  from the atmosphere and release oxygen instead, so they work as air purifiers. Deforestation due to
                                      2
                         urbanisation and industrialisation has reduced the number of trees on the earth. This has resulted in the increase of
                         carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere.
                       •  Overconsumption of natural resources due to population explosion has also contributed to global warming.
                       •  Increase in pollution is also responsible for the rise in global warming.

                    3.   How mining activities all across the globe are responsible for significant environmental damage?
                   Ans.  Mining activities worldwide contribute to significant environmental damage through several activities:
                       •   Acid mine drainage, which is the formation and movement of highly acidic water rich in heavy metals, contaminates the
                         surrounding water bodies.
                       •  Mining can deplete surface and groundwater supplies.
                       •  To get the land for mining, the forest in that area is destroyed. This has a negative impact on the plants and animals living
                         in that region.

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