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Factors Land Pollution Water Pollution Air Pollution
How to prevent it? • Reduce waste • Do not throw waste into • Use renewable sources
• Segregate (separate) water bodies of energy
waste products • Do not throw chemicals, • Avoid polluting vehicles
• Plant trees medicines, oils, etc., in • Stop others from
• Adopt natural and drains burning waste and
organic farming methods • Avoid using pesticides and left-over crops
• Use biodegradable items fertilisers • Avoid pesticides and
• Ensure proper treatment of fertilisers which release
sewage and factory waste harmful gases
• Use water wisely
Tick ( ) if you know this.
Pollution means contamination of our surroundings that toxifies air, water, soil, etc.
Water Pollution is contamination of water bodies like streams, rivers, oceans, etc.
Reuse of the products will save the cost of making disposable products.
Climate Change
Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere mainly due to greenhouse
gases (carbon dioxide, CFC's) produced by a lot of human activities. It has resulted in melting of glaciers, rising sea
level and intense heat waves all across the globe. It is one of the major environmental issues, as it creates an ecological
imbalance and has become a reason for the extinction of many plant and animal species. Main causes of global
warming are:
• Excessive use of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas produces greenhouse gases-like methane, nitrous oxide and
mainly carbon dioxide which trap the sun’s radiation within the atmosphere resulting in rise in global temperature.
This is called green house effect.
• Trees absorb CO from the atmosphere and release oxygen instead, so they work as air purifiers. Deforestation due
2
to urbanisation and industrialisation has reduced the number of trees on the earth. This has resulted in the increase
of carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere.
• Over-consumption of natural resources due to population explosion has also contributed to global warming.
• Increase in pollution is also responsible for the rise in global warming.
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