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Cyber offences under the IT Act
Ð ÐTampering with computer source documents—Section 65
ÐHacking—Section 66
Ð
Ð ÐPublishing of obscene information in electronic form—Section 67
Intellectual Property Rights
The rights granted to an individual over their own invention are known as intellectual property rights. For a set amount
of time, they usually grant the inventor exclusive rights to utilize his or her creation. There are only three options for
safeguarding intellectual property which are as follows:
ÐPatent ÐTrademark
Ð Ð
Ð ÐCopyright
Patent
A patent is a term that refers to a unique product created by a single person. For a certain time, the designer is granted
exclusive rights to the patent. The patent right allows the owner to prevent others from creating, using, or selling the
product design. If someone uses the patent without authorization, the owner can take legal action. The following
conditions must be completed in order to receive a patent:
Ð ÐThe item should be brand new.
Ð ÐIt should be able to be manufactured or used in some industry.
Ð ÐIt should not be a scientific or mathematical breakthrough. It shouldn’t be a dramatic, musical, or creative piece.
Trademark
A trademark is a name, a different symbol, or a gadget that identifies a product or service. A specific person or company
produces or provides the product or service. A trademark can also be referred to as a brand name. It should be officially
registered and legally limited to the usage of a single individual or business.
Copyright
A written document is referred to as copyright. If copyrights are breached, legal action may be taken. Copyrights can be
applied to the following types of work. Works of literature and music, as well as any accompanying words.
Recap Zone
Ð Ð A network is a group of autonomous computers that connect via a shared network media.
Ð Ð A node is a computer that is connected to a network.
Ð Ð A server is a computer that allows data, software, and hardware resources to be shared across a network.
Ð Ð NIU (Network Interface Unit) is a device that aids in the communication between the server and the workstations.
Ð Ð Circuit switching is a communication technology that establishes a dedicated and complete physical link between two nodes.
Ð Ð Packet switching is a switching technology that routes packets between nodes over shared data lines with other traffic.
Ð Ð A channel is a medium that allows a message to be sent from one location to another.
Ð Ð Bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies that can be used to transmit data.
Ð Ð PAN (Personal Area Network) a computer network centred on a single person.
Ð Ð A network in which the devices are connected over a relatively short distance is known as a local area network (LAN).
Ð Ð Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is larger than a LAN and encompasses a physical area (between 5 and 50 km in
circumference).
Ð Ð Wide Area Network (WAN) connects multiple locations across a vast geographic area, usually a country or continent.
Basics of Networking and Web Architecture 135

