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1.8 WEB ARCHITECTURE
Web architecture can be defined as the internet’s conceptual framework. The World Wide Web, or the internet, is a
dynamic medium that allows users to communicate with one another as well as technical interaction between different
systems and subsystems. Data transmission protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, HTTPS), representation formats (HTML, CSS, XML),
and addressing standards are the three main components of the internet’s infrastructure (URI, URL).
Origin
The World Wide Web (WWWW) is a concept that was developed in the 1990s to allow people and machines to
communicate within a defined area. It is used to exchange, transmit, and share data in a network. Let us understand
its journey from the following figure as given below:
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Static web pages Dynamic webpages Extremely Mobile
Nil communities Social Media Microblogging
Rich user experience Advanced search
Types of Web Architecture
There are mainly three types of web architectures which as follows:
Web Architecture
Client server Model Three tier Model Service Oriented Architecture
Client-Server Model
The web had a two-tiered architecture in the beginning: clients and
servers. The duties and services that the system was expected to
accomplish were shared between clients and servers. When a client Server
requests a service from the server, the server responds by providing
the requested service. The two-layer concept, commonly known as the
client-server model, involves retrieving a website using a URL address
that instructs a server to load the site in the client’s browser.
For application systems to connect with one another, the web
architecture must meet three requirements: PC Smartphone Laptop
CSS SMTP URL (general concept URI)
HTML XML HTTP/HTTPS POP3
1. Representation 2. Protocols for 3. Using
formats with a data transfer standard for
fixed standard addressing
Finally, web architecture refers to the operational framework of data storage, transport, and presentation systems.
When data and resources are transported to the web, the web architecture often consists of database servers that
manage them. They use a transfer protocol to communicate with a client so that the data may be retrieved and viewed
in a browser. HTML and CSS are commonly used to express data
Basics of Networking and Web Architecture 127

