Page 6 - Web Applications (803) Class 11
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INSIDE THE SERIES




                  The key features of the series have been designed to ensure better learning, assessment and evaluation.
                   Learning Resources


                                                                                           Coaxial Cable
                By connecting several local area networks, a MAN makes resource sharing easier. One of the best examples of MAN is   Notes  helps to reduce cross talk and electrical signal interference. The core copper conductor is used to transmit signals, the
                a cable television network within a city.
                            MAN
                                                                                           An electrical cable containing a copper conductor, an insulator covering it, and a braided metal mesh that reduces
                                                                                           crosstalk and signal interference is known as a coaxial cable. A braided metal conductor surrounds the insulator, which
                                                                                                 Protective
                                     LAN                                                  long-lasting because of their improved cut-through resistance.
                                                   This section contains additional
                                                                                                Plastic Layer
                                                                                          insulator to provide insulation to the copper conductor. To further safeguard the cable, the entire set-up is once more
                                                                                          wrapped with a layer of protective plastic. Coaxial cable installation is simple. These cables are more dependable and
                                                                                                     Braided
                                                   information to enrich the subject.                   Insulator
                     LAN                                                                            Metal Conductor
                                                                                                            Copper
                                      LAN                                                                   Conductor
                              LAN                                                        Fibre Optic Cable
                      LAN
                  A WAN, which is slightly more complicated than a LAN, connects computers over longer physical distances. It enables   Do  you Know?   optical fibres that are plastic-coated and utilised to transmit data via light pulses. The plastic coating shields the optical
                  computers and low-voltage devices to communicate over a single huge network even when they are thousands of
                  kilometres distant. It establishes links within a country or continent by connecting several local and metropolitan area
                  Wide Area Network (WAN)                 This  section  contains  a    However, fibre optic cable installation and upkeep are expensive and challenging.
                   networks. The Internet is the most fundamental type of WAN, as it connects millions of computers worldwide. A WAN
                                                                                         A cable that communicates through electrical impulses is referred to as a fibre optic cable. These cables contain the
                   is often owned and maintained by many administrators or the general public because of its extensive reach.
                                                                                         fibres from the effects of other types of wiring’s electromagnetic interference, heat, and cold. Compared to copper
                                                                                              2 cm High density polyethylene
                                                                                               insulation (17 mm)
                                                                                        wires, fibre optic cables offer faster data transmission. There is no electromagnetic interference that affects them.
                                                          fact about the topic.
                                                                                                   Copper tubing (8.3 mm)
                                                                                             1 cm
                                                                                                     Steel wires
                                    LAN                                                                  Water-resistant jelly
                                                                                                         casing 2.3 mm)
                            LAN
                                                                                         Do You Know?     Optical
                                                                                                          fibers
                                                                                        •  Coax is another name for coaxial cable.
                                                                                        •  Alexander Graham Bell is credited with creating Twisted Pair cables.
                                 LAN                                                    •    In addition to being used for telecommunications, fibre optic wire is also employed by lasers, hydrophones
                                                                                      Unguided Media
                                                                                         for seismic waves, SONAR, imaging devices, and sensors for measuring temperature and pressure.
                        Another type of network, VPN (Virtual Private Network), is quite popular nowadays. VPN technology allows you   Ð 114 a result, it’s also called wireless transmission. Features of unguided media are as follows:
                        to access the web without worrying about your personal information being exposed to the public. While a VPN
                                                                                      ÐThe signal travels over empty space (air).
                       Notes can mask your IP address, hide you from third parties, and encrypt your data, cyber hackers can still hack your   Touchpad Web Applications-XI
                                                                                      The electromagnetic waves are transmitted without the need of any physical medium in an unguided transmission. As
                        account. VPN encryption, on the other hand, makes this nearly impossible.
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                      112
                                                                                 Video Session
                                                                                 This section contains link of
                                                                                 videos related to topics to
                                                                                 enrich the subject.
                                                   ÐAs leaf nodes can add more nodes to the hierarchical chain, it has high scalability.
                                                   ÐIt combines the best features of bus and star topologies.
                                                   Advantages
                                                   Ð
                                                   Ð ÐIf one of a network’s nodes is damaged, the other nodes are unaffected.
                                                   Ð ÐIt allows for simple maintenance and defect detection.
                                                   Ð ÐSeveral hardware and software companies support it.
                                                    ÐIn comparison to star and bus topologies, large cabling is required.
                                                    Disadvantages
                                                   Ð
                                                    Ð ÐWhen a hub fails, the entire network fails.  Subject Enrichment
                                                    Ð ÐOther network topologies are easier to configure than tree networks.  Communication
                                                    Ð
                                                      Scan the QR code or visit the following link to watch the video: Network Topology
                                                       Video Session
                                                      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSKdjjw5zow
                                                       .....................................................................................................................................................................................
                                                      Now answer the following questions:
                                                       .....................................................................................................................................................................................
                                                      2.  Which topology is the simplest to install?
                                                        1.  Which topology will be suitable for your school?

                                                        Differentiable  equations,  dynamical  systems,  knot  theory,  and  Riemann  surfaces  in  complex  analysis  are  all
                                                        examples of topology in Mathematics. It’s also used in Physics to describe the universe’s space-time structure
                                                        Notes
                                                         and in string theory.
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                                                                                           Ð
                                                                                           Ð  ÐIs WYSIWYG Web Builder's FTP connection being blocked by your firewall?
                                                                                           Ð  БUse passive mode for transfers’ should be enabled.
                                                                                           Ð
                                                                                           Ð  ÐIncrease the connection timeout to at least 120 seconds (Menu→Options→publish).
                                                                                           ÐIf the transfer takes a long time, it’s likely that you utilised really huge photographs.
                     GLOSSARY                       Glossary                               Ð  ÐIf your website appears to be out of date, select 'Refresh' on your browser several times!
                     Network Interface Unit: It is a device that aids in the communication between the server and the workstations.
                                                                                           Recap Zone
                        Packet Switching: It is a switching technology that routes packets between nodes over shared data lines with   Ð Ð  Ð A website is a collection of web pages that convey information about a specific company, organisation, or product.
                      Bandwidth: It refers to the range of frequencies that can be used to transmit data.
                                                    This section contains                  Ð A website can be opened and viewed on a software called web browser. Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla
                      other traffic.                                                      Ð
                                                                                           Firefox, Opera are web browsers which are often used.
                                                                                           networking.
                        Transmission Medium: It is a device that transmits data from one computer to another.   definition  of  common   Ð  Ð The most basic type of website is a static website, which is simple to develop. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are used to
                                                                                           create the website.
                                                                                           Ð Websites are built with a specific purpose in mind, such as business, education, media and entertainment, or social
                        Modem: It is a device that allows a computer to send and receive data through a phone or cable line.   Ð Ð  Ð A dynamic website is one that changes or customises itself on a regular basis and without human intervention. Computer
                         Repeater: It is an electronic device that amplifies and retransmits a received signal over a network.   terms.   Ð  Ð HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the most widely used language for developing webpages.
                                                                                           code that generates HTML generates server-side dynamic pages "on the fly".
                                                                                          screen.
                         Cookie: It is a small text file that usually contains the name of the website from which it came, as well as a   Ð  picture, video, audio, and so on).
                       Cracking: It is a means of gaining unauthorised access to a computer with the goal of causing harm.
                         unique ID tag.                                                  Ð  Ð Attributes are tag sub-elements or features that provide additional functionality by allowing a user to change the marked-
                                                                                          Ð HTML webpages are simple text files with special “tags” that a web browser interprets and displays on your computer
                                                                                          up elements in various ways.
                         er mask: It a vital tool for modifying images that enables us to manage transparency and other elements.   Ð  Ð The anchor tag in html is used to create an external link.
                                                                                          Ð A Tag is a formatting specification that directs a web browser how to display the information it marks up or encloses (text,
                         Background layer: It is the only layer that exists when we create a new image in GIMP.   Ð Ð  Ð An HTML internal link connects two pages on the same website.
                          Lay HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): It is the most widely used language for developing webpages.   Ð Ð  Ð A frameset is a collection of frames in the browser window.
                                                                                         Ð External links are formed when you want to go to another page or URL by clicking on a link on a webpage.
                          ernal Style Sheet: It is used to define style sheet rules in a separate.css file and then use the HTML link   Ð
                          Frameset: It is a collection of frames in the browser window.   Ð  Ð CSS is a method sheet language that gives web designers control over how their websites connect with web browsers,
                                                                                         Ð HTML frames divide your browser window into many portions, each of which can load a different HTML document.
                                                                                         computer browsers.
                                                                                         including how their HTML documents are formatted and displayed.
                          tag to include that file in your HTML content.               Ð Ð  Ð In an HTML document, you can apply CSS in three different ways—Internal, External and Inline.
                        Ext
                                                                                        your HTML content.
                         Infinite Loop: It is a piece of code that never ends because it never reaches the ending condition.
                                                                                        Ð CSS, or cascading style sheets, is a text-based coding language that specifies webpage formats and how they interact with
                           Operator: An operator is a symbol that is used to perform calculation on operands.   Recap Zone  Ð Ð Ð  Ð A selector and a declaration block make up a CSS rule.
                                                                                        Ð External Style Sheet—Define style sheet rules in a separate.css file and then use the HTML link tag to include that file in
                                                          This  section  contains  the   Ð Ð  Ð One or more declarations are separated by semicolons in the declaration block.
                                                                                        Ð Internal Style Sheet—Using the <style> tag, define style sheet rules in the HTML document's header section.
                                                                                        Ð Inline Style Sheet—Using the style attribute, define style sheet rules inline alongside HTML components
                                                                                       Ð The selector identifies the HTML element that needs to be styled.
                                                                                        Webpages, is at the heart of how the Internet works.
                                             Glossary  399  summary of the chapter.    Ð  Ð The Domain Name System (DNS), which allows computers to communicate with one another and send email or display
                                                                                       in this procedure.
                                                                                      196  Ð A user's browser must obtain the IP address and submit queries to the name servers. Domain name resolvers are involved
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