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TCP/IP

                 TCP/IP  stands  for  Transmission  Control  Protocol/Internet  Protocol.  It  is  a  communication  protocol  suite  used  to
                 interconnect devices on the Internet. It can also used as a communication protocol in private networks like an intranet
                 or extranet.

                 TCP/IP is made up of two separate computer network protocols, TCP and IP. IP is used to determine the address to
                 which data should be sent, whereas TCP is in charge of data delivery once that IP address has been determined.
                 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

                 TCP is a well-known communication protocol for sending and receiving data over a network. It breaks down any
                 message into a sequence of packets that are transferred from source to destination, where they are reassembled.
                 Internet Protocol (IP)
                 IP was created to be used as an addressing protocol. It’s most commonly associated with TCP. Packets with IP addresses
                 are routed through multiple nodes in a network until they reach their destination system. On an IP network, an IP
                 address is a unique identifier for a node or host connection. An IP address is a 32-bit binary integer that is commonly
                 written as four decimal values separated by decimal points, each representing eight bits in the range 0 to 255 (known
                 as octets). For example 192.179.222.194. This is also called the “Dotted decimal” notation.
                       Sender of packet                                                            Recipient of packet


                                              192.16.00.12

                                                      To 192.00.00.75


                         192.16.00.12                                               The Internet       192.00.00.75

                 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)


                 PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a protocol that allows two computers linked by a serial interface, usually a personal
                 computer and a server, to communicate. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) may, for example, give you with a PPP
                 connection so that the ISP’s server can react to your requests, send them to the Internet, and send you the Internet
                 responses you requested. It was created to facilitate communication between two systems over telephone lines by
                 allowing network packets to be transmitted over a serial point-to-point link. PPP is sometimes considered part of the
                 TCP/IP protocol suite.

                 HyperText Transfer Protocol

                 HTTP is a protocol for exchanging hypertext between two or more systems. Links are created using HTML tags. These
                 links can take any form, including text and graphics. HTTP is based on client-server concepts, allowing a client system
                 to connect to a server machine in order to send a request. The server acknowledges the client’s request and responds
                 as appropriate. There are three key characteristics of HTTP:
                 1.  It is connectionless. The client disconnects from the server after making a request and waits for a response. The
                    server must re-establish the connection with the client to process the request.
                 2.  HTTP is unaffected by the medium in which it is used. This means that HTTP can send any sort of data (text, photos,
                    sound, video, etc.) as long as both the client and the server understand how to process the data.

                 3.  Finally, HTTP is a stateless protocol. This is because the server and client are only aware of each other during
                    a request. Following that, they are unplugged. As a result, neither the client nor the browser can keep track of
                    information over multiple requests and web pages.

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