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1.3 BASIC CONCEPTS OF NETWORKING
As we know, a group of people connected with each other through a social relation or similar interest. They can
communicate with each other and share thoughts and ideas. This kind of group of people is known as a social network.
Similarly, a group of computers that can communicate with one another across a shared medium is referred to as
a network. It is also known as a computer network. The overall process of connecting computers and exchanging
information between them is called networking. Networking includes computers that are to be connected, networking
protocols, software, and transmission media through which computers are connected and share information. Following
figure shows a computer network:
Workstation
Client
Server
Networking
Device
Workstation Client
Workstation Client
Need for Networking
As we have learned, computer networking is mainly used for resource sharing and transferring information. Let us learn
about some of the needs for computer networking.
Share Resources
We can share hardware and software resources by connecting computers through networking. Peripherals such as
printers and scanners, the CPU, and RAM are some examples of hardware. Software resources may include system
software and application software.
Communication
The exchange of information between nodes in a network is simplified by connecting
computers through a network. A network requires a variety of network devices, including
modems, routers, switches, and bridges, each of which serves a distinct purpose in the network.
112 Touchpad Web Applications-XI

