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Examples of Application Software: Microsoft Word, Google Docs, Google
Chrome, Adobe Photoshop, VLC Media Player, Fortnite, Excel.
Examples of System Software: Windows, macOS, Linux, Device Drivers, BIOS,
Disk Management.
1.3 CLOUD COMPUTING AND EDGE COMPUTING
Cloud computing and Edge computing are two
revolutionary technological paradigms that handle
data processing and storage differently.
Cloud Computing
While the concept of Cloud Computing has existed
for a long time, it was in 2006 when Google's CEO,
Eric Schmidt, formally introduced the term during an
industry conference. The concept gained significant
traction as leading companies like Amazon,
Microsoft, and IBM began to actively promote their
cloud-computing initiatives. Cloud Computing is a
centralised approach where data is processed and
stored in remote data centres, relying on the Internet
for accessing resources and services. It is ideal for large-scale applications, data analytics and storage with
examples like Google Drive, AWS and Microsoft Azure. This approach enables faster innovation, offers
flexibility in resource usage, and supports scalability.
Types of Cloud Computing
There are several types of cloud computing:
Public Cloud: Services are delivered over the public Internet and shared across multiple clients. Public
cloud services are managed and maintained by third-party providers, and resources like servers, storage,
and applications are provided on a pay-per-use basis. Examples include Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.
Private Cloud: Services are maintained on a private network, either on-site or hosted by a third-party
provider, and are used exclusively by one organisation. It offers more control and security compared to
public cloud, making it ideal for businesses that require high levels of privacy and compliance.
Hybrid Cloud: A mix of both public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared
between them. This approach enables greater flexibility and optimisation of existing infrastructure. It gives
businesses the ability to keep sensitive workloads in a private cloud, while still taking advantage of the
scalability and cost-efficiency of the public cloud for less-sensitive applications.
Community Cloud: A community cloud is a shared infrastructure that is used by several organizations
with common interests or requirements. These organizations may be from the same industry, or have
similar security, compliance, or regulatory needs. The cloud infrastructure can be hosted internally or by a
third-party provider. Community clouds provide more control over security and privacy compared to the
public cloud but are more cost-effective than private clouds.
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