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5.  What is AI?
                  Ans.  Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think
                       and learn like humans. The goal of AI is to create systems that can perform tasks that normally require human
                       intelligence, such as problem-solving, decision-making, language understanding, and visual perception.

                     6.  List any four industries where AI is applied, along with relevant examples.
                  Ans.  AI has various real-world applications across many industries. Some key examples include:
                         Healthcare: AI is transforming healthcare by enhancing diagnostics, treatment planning and patient care.
                         AI-driven tools can analyse medical data, such as X-rays, MRIs and lab results, to identify patterns and help
                         doctors make accurate diagnoses. For example, AI-powered diagnostic tools like IBM Watson Health help
                         doctors identify diseases like cancer with greater accuracy.
                         Autonomous Vehicles: AI is the backbone of autonomous (self-driving) vehicles. It enables cars to analyse
                         their surroundings, make decisions in real-time, and navigate without human intervention. AI systems use
                         sensors, cameras, and machine learning to detect obstacles, follow traffic rules, and ensure safe driving. For
                         example, Tesla’s self-driving cars use AI algorithms for navigation, object detection, and route planning.

                         Natural Language Processing (NLP): NLP enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human
                         language. It is used in voice assistants, chatbots, and translation services, allowing machines to communicate
                         with humans in a natural and intuitive way. For example, Virtual assistants like Amazon's Alexa, Apple’s Siri, and
                         Google Assistant use NLP to process voice commands and provide responses.

                         Robotics: AI-powered robots are revolutionising  industries such as manufacturing,  agriculture, and
                         healthcare. These robots can perform tasks that are dangerous, repetitive, or require precision. In industries
                         like manufacturing, robots can assemble products, inspect items for defects and package goods with speed
                         and accuracy. For example, AI robots in warehouses, like those used by Amazon, can autonomously move and
                         organise goods.
                    7.  Define digital marketing and explain how it differs from traditional offline marketing.

                  Ans.  Digital marketing refers to the use of digital channels to promote products. Also known as online marketing,
                       it helps brands  connect  with potential customers via the internet. Digital marketing can take various forms,
                       including search engines, websites, social media, email, mobile apps, text messaging, and web-based advertising.
                       It is similar to traditional offline marketing but takes place in a digital space. Digital marketing relies on consumer
                       data to identify a business’s target audience and deliver the most relevant messaging possible.

                    8.  How does supervised learning differ from unsupervised learning?
                  Ans.
                                     Supervised Learning                          Unsupervised Learning
                       This type of ML uses labelled data to train the model.  This type, the algorithm is trained on data that is not
                       The algorithm learns from the input-output pairs,  labelled, and it tries to find patterns or groupings in
                       and the goal is to make predictions based on new,  the data.
                       unseen data.  For example, spam email detection   Applications  include customer segmentation and
                       and image classification, such as identifying objects   anomaly  detection,  where  the  system  identifies
                       in photos.                                     unusual behaviour in a dataset.


                 C.   Competency-based/Application-based questions.                        21 st  Century   #Computational Thinking
                                                                                               Skills
                    1.  Arjun is a photographer who stores his work on the cloud so he can access it from any device. However, he notices
                       delays when editing large files. How could edge computing address this issue?
                  Ans.  Edge computing processes data closer to where it is generated, reducing latency. Arjun could use edge devices
                       to edit files locally, while still storing them on the cloud for long-term access.

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