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5. What is AI?
Ans. Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think
and learn like humans. The goal of AI is to create systems that can perform tasks that normally require human
intelligence, such as problem-solving, decision-making, language understanding, and visual perception.
6. List any four industries where AI is applied, along with relevant examples.
Ans. AI has various real-world applications across many industries. Some key examples include:
Healthcare: AI is transforming healthcare by enhancing diagnostics, treatment planning and patient care.
AI-driven tools can analyse medical data, such as X-rays, MRIs and lab results, to identify patterns and help
doctors make accurate diagnoses. For example, AI-powered diagnostic tools like IBM Watson Health help
doctors identify diseases like cancer with greater accuracy.
Autonomous Vehicles: AI is the backbone of autonomous (self-driving) vehicles. It enables cars to analyse
their surroundings, make decisions in real-time, and navigate without human intervention. AI systems use
sensors, cameras, and machine learning to detect obstacles, follow traffic rules, and ensure safe driving. For
example, Tesla’s self-driving cars use AI algorithms for navigation, object detection, and route planning.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): NLP enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human
language. It is used in voice assistants, chatbots, and translation services, allowing machines to communicate
with humans in a natural and intuitive way. For example, Virtual assistants like Amazon's Alexa, Apple’s Siri, and
Google Assistant use NLP to process voice commands and provide responses.
Robotics: AI-powered robots are revolutionising industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and
healthcare. These robots can perform tasks that are dangerous, repetitive, or require precision. In industries
like manufacturing, robots can assemble products, inspect items for defects and package goods with speed
and accuracy. For example, AI robots in warehouses, like those used by Amazon, can autonomously move and
organise goods.
7. Define digital marketing and explain how it differs from traditional offline marketing.
Ans. Digital marketing refers to the use of digital channels to promote products. Also known as online marketing,
it helps brands connect with potential customers via the internet. Digital marketing can take various forms,
including search engines, websites, social media, email, mobile apps, text messaging, and web-based advertising.
It is similar to traditional offline marketing but takes place in a digital space. Digital marketing relies on consumer
data to identify a business’s target audience and deliver the most relevant messaging possible.
8. How does supervised learning differ from unsupervised learning?
Ans.
Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning
This type of ML uses labelled data to train the model. This type, the algorithm is trained on data that is not
The algorithm learns from the input-output pairs, labelled, and it tries to find patterns or groupings in
and the goal is to make predictions based on new, the data.
unseen data. For example, spam email detection Applications include customer segmentation and
and image classification, such as identifying objects anomaly detection, where the system identifies
in photos. unusual behaviour in a dataset.
C. Competency-based/Application-based questions. 21 st Century #Computational Thinking
Skills
1. Arjun is a photographer who stores his work on the cloud so he can access it from any device. However, he notices
delays when editing large files. How could edge computing address this issue?
Ans. Edge computing processes data closer to where it is generated, reducing latency. Arjun could use edge devices
to edit files locally, while still storing them on the cloud for long-term access.
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