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INSIDE THE SERIES




                  The key features of the series have been designed to ensure better learning, assessment and evaluation.
                   Learning Resources


                   Boolean: The Boolean data type represents only two possible values; true and false. It is primarily used   Do  you Know?   than necessary could negatively impact performance. It's sort of true. The performance itself and the
                                                                                             Do you know?
                  to evaluate logical conditions in a program. Boolean values help in making decisions within a program
                  by checking whether a condition is met or not. These values can be thought of as, true means "yes" and
                  false means "no". When the typeof operator is used to check the type of true or false, it returns "boolean",
                  indicating that the value belongs to the Boolean data type.
                                                                                             Many programmers hold the opinion that JavaScript is extremely slow and that using it for more code
                                                                                             project's quality can both be negatively impacted by inefficient use of this language.
                   typeof(true) // This will return Boolean
                    typeof(false) // This will return Boolean  This section contains a
                                                                                                  Lab Assignment ‘n Activity  21 st  Century
                     Undefined: A variable that has been declared but has not been assigned a value is of type undefined.
                     For example:                            fact about the topic.         Complete the following activities and tick on the circle.  Skills  #Technology Literacy
                   var a =8;
                                                                                             Accept a string from the user and display “Hello <Name>” in an alertbox.
                     a==b // This will return false
                    var b=5;                                                                Accept five numbers from the user and display the largest number in an alertbox.
                     Null: Represents the intentional absence of any object value. It is often used to indicate that a variable
                                                                                            Accept a number from the user and display its square and cube on the webpage.
                      For example:                 Notes
                     var city;                                                          reuse, and maintain.
                     console.log(city);
                                                                                         2.7 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING PRINCIPLES
                      Symbol (introduced in ECMAScript 6): Represents a unique and immutable value, often used as object
                    For example:
                      var favouriteDish = null;    information to enrich the subject.     Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the concept of hiding the implementation details of an object from the
                                                                                         Object-Oriented Programming is a way of writing code that focuses on objects, things that have properties
                      should have no value.        This section contains additional     Key Principles of OOP are as follows:
                      console.log(favouriteDish);
                                                                                         (characteristics) and methods (actions they can do). It helps to organise code, making it easier to understand,
                      BigInt (introduced in ECMAScript 2020): Represents integers with arbitrary precision, useful for very     Abstraction: Abstraction is the concept of showing only the necessary information to the outside world
                     property keys.
                     For example:
                                                                                         the internal state of an object from external interference and misuse.
                        const id = Symbol('Asha');                                      only the essential features of an object.
                                                                                         outside world and only exposing the necessary information through public methods. It helps to protect
                      Var bigNumber = 9876543210123456789012345678901234567890n; // Note the 'n' at
                     large numbers.                                                      Inheritance: Inheritance is the concept of creating a new class based on an existing class. The new class
                                                                                        while hiding the implementation details. It helps to reduce complexity and improve modularity by exposing
                        For example:                                                    override the ones inherited from the parent class.

                      the end In JavaScript, NaN stands for "Not-a-Number" and represents a value that is not a valid or     Polymorphism: Polymorphism is the concept of having multiple forms of a method or property. It allows
                                                                                       generic code.
                                                                                        inherits the properties and methods of the existing class and can also add new properties and methods or
                        Notes
                      There are more complex data types called non-primitive or reference types. These can hold multiple values or   functions and arrays.
                        legal number.
                                                                                       2.8 OBJECTS IN JAVASCRIPT
                                                                                        objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass, enabling more flexibility and
                      Non-Primitive Data Types
                        Object: A collection of key-value pairs, where keys are strings (or symbols) and values can be of any data
                      complex information. They can be changed and include:
                                                                                      In JavaScript, almost everything is an object with the exception of six things: null, undefined, strings, numbers,
                                                                                      booleans, and symbols. These are known as primitive types. An object is anything that isn’t a primitive value.
                                                                                      This  covers  constructors,  functions,  and  arrays.  Yes!  we  will  see  later  in  the  chapter,  objects  also  include
                       type.              JavaScript Part 2  151                      180  Touchpad Web Applications (Ver. 2.0)-XII
                         For example:
                         var person = {
                                                                       How can one overcome the barrier?
                                                                        To avoid misinterpretations and
                                                                        Avoid establishing biases and maintain
                                                         Audio and visual  In a noisy location, you might not be
                                                              able to hear the other person clearly.
                                                                        objectivity when communicating with
                                                         Factor  How does a factor become a barrier?  distractions, create a suitable setting.
                                                         distractions  Based on previous experiences and   people.
                                                              encounters, you may have established
                                                              Personal feelings, such as preconceived  Allow the other person to finish their
                                                         Previous
                                                         experiences or   biases or preconceptions.  sentence before responding.
                                                         mindset  notions about the other person may   #Media Literacy
                                                          Personal
                      Video Session                       considerations   influence your listening.  21 st  Century  Skills  #Communication
                                                             Video Session
                      This section contains link of         Watch the video of "5 SIMPLE WAYS to IMPROVE Your COMMUNICATION SKILLS! " at the
                                                            https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K95YlxXh054
                                                            or scan the QR code and answer the following question:
                      videos related to topics to           given link:
                                                            Write any two ways to improve communication skills.
                      enrich the subject.
                                                                    Lab Assignment ‘n Activity
                                                                 Effective communication abilities enable us to convey the message
                                                                               __________________
                                                             1. State True or False.  __________________
                                                                                __________________
                                                              b. ‘Active listening’ is the best type of listening.  __________________
                                                               A lack of effective communication skills can lead to frustration.
                                                              d.   Communication requires a receiver who encodes and transmits a message
                                                              a.  accurately and completely.
                                                              c. e.   Based on previous experiences and encounters, you may have established __________________
                                                               across a channel.
                                                               a.   In the __________________ phase of active listening, we determine the worth and significance
                                                               biases or preconceptions.
                                                              2. Fill in the blanks.
                                                               b. Eye Contact is one of the most important parts of __________________.
                                                                Feedback can be either __________________ or __________________.
                                                                of the message.
                                                               e.   __________________ combines a desire to understand with the ability to support and
                                                               c. d. To listen properly, you must physically remove all __________________.
                                                                empathise with the speaker.
                                                                Touchpad Web Applications (Ver. 2.0)-XII
                                                              26
                                                                                             Recap Zone
                                                                                             Ð
                     Array: A collection of elements stored in a single variable. Arrays can hold multiple data types and
                   GLOSSARY                                                                 Ð Ð  writing.
                     Cloud Computing: The delivery of computing services like storage, processing, and networking
                                                                                             individuals through the use of words, symbols, signs, or behaviour.
                                                                                             Ð Communication is a two-way process in which information or messages are communicated between
                        are indexed starting from 0.  Glossary                              Ð  understood the message.
                                                                                             Ð To learn a language,  four  fundamental  skills  must be developed:  listening,  speaking, reading,  and
                     Cyber Laws in India: A set of legal regulations governing digital activities, cybercrimes, and online
                                                                                            receiver who decodes the message and provides feedback.
                                                                                            Ð Communication requires a sender who encodes and transmits a message across a channel, and a
                        over the internet, reducing reliance on local infrastructure.  This section contains   Ð Ð Ð  Ð Messages can be readily misconstrued if the ability to listen attentively is not present.
                        Data Privacy: The practice of protecting personal and sensitive information from  unauthorized   Ð  relationships, and improves productivity.
                                                                                            Ð Feedback  is vital in communication since it allows you to determine whether  or  not  the  receiver
                      access, ensuring individuals have control over how their data is collected, used, and shared.
                         transactions, ensuring data protection, privacy, and security under laws like the IT Act, 2000.  definition of common   Ð  Ð One of the most fundamental communication abilities is the ability to listen.
                         Digital Marketing:  The  use of  online platforms and  digital  technologies to  promote  products,   terms.   Ð Ð  Ð To ensure active listening, use the acronym ‘RESPECT.’
                                                                                            Ð Effective communication abilities enable us to convey the message accurately and entirely.
                         Document  Object Model: A programming interface that allows JavaScript to interact  with and   Ð Ð a sentence.
                                                                                           Ð Active listening is a crucial skill in professional settings, as it enhances communication, strengthens
                                                                                           others, and as a result, your general well-being.
                      services, or brands to targeted audiences.
                                                                                           Ð Active listening can have an impact on your job effectiveness, the quality of your relationships with
                         Event Handling: A process in JavaScript that allows executing code in response to user actions.  Ð Ð Ð Ð  Ð Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs are the basic parts of speech.
                       manipulate HTML elements dynamically.’
                         Event: An action that occurs on a webpage, such as a button click, key press, or mouse hover.
                                                                                           Ð There are many barriers to active listening like biases, being preoccupied, and audio or visual distractions.
                          Function: A reusable block of code in JavaScript that performs a specific task and can be invoked
                                                                                           Ð Parts of speech are the classifications of words in any language that are based on their function inside
                                                                                          Ð In English, there are 15 primary punctuation symbols or signs.
                                                                                          Ð A ‘sentence’ is a combination of words that conveys a complete meaning, thought, or action.
                       multiple times. Functions can be declared using function keyword.
                           Intellectual Property: Legal rights that protect creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary   Ð  Ð When composing a paragraph, make sure all the sentences share the same idea.
                                                                                          imperative.
                                                                                          Ð A well-constructed sentence typically includes a subject and a predicate.
                        works, designs, and symbols, ensuring exclusive ownership and preventing unauthorized use.
                          Internet of Things: A network of interconnected devices that collect, exchange, and process data   Recap Zone  Solved Exercise
                                                                                          Ð Sentences can be simple or complex, active or passive, declarative or interrogative or exclamatory or
                        through the internet for automation and smart operations.
                           Math Object: A built-in JavaScript object that provides mathematical functions and constants.  This section contains the   A.  Choose the correct option.  (Objective Type Questions)
                           Objects: A data  structure in JavaScript  that  stores key-value pairs. Objects can have properties
                                                                                                   Section A
                           Social Media Etiquette: A set of best practices for respectful and responsible behavior on social
                                                                                         i.
                                                                                          Evaluating
                         (variables) and methods (functions).
                                                                                         1.  Which of the following is NOT a phase of active listening?
                                                            summary of the chapter.
                         media, ensuring privacy, professionalism, and appropriate communication.
                                                                                         iii.  Understanding
                            String: A sequence of characters used to store text in JavaScript. Strings are enclosed in single
                                                                                                    ii.  Receiving
                                                                                         i.
                                                                                                    iv.  Post
                                                                                          Eye contact
                                                                                        2.  Which of the following is a barrier to active listening?
                                                                                         iii.  Gestures
                                                411
                                             Glossary
                                                                                                    ii.  Being preoccupied
                         quotes or double quotes.
                                                                                                    iv.  Avoiding distractions
                                                                                                        Communication Skills-IV
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