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INSIDE THE SERIES
The key features of the series have been designed to ensure better learning, assessment and evaluation.
Learning Resources
Boolean: The Boolean data type represents only two possible values; true and false. It is primarily used Do you Know? than necessary could negatively impact performance. It's sort of true. The performance itself and the
Do you know?
to evaluate logical conditions in a program. Boolean values help in making decisions within a program
by checking whether a condition is met or not. These values can be thought of as, true means "yes" and
false means "no". When the typeof operator is used to check the type of true or false, it returns "boolean",
indicating that the value belongs to the Boolean data type.
Many programmers hold the opinion that JavaScript is extremely slow and that using it for more code
project's quality can both be negatively impacted by inefficient use of this language.
typeof(true) // This will return Boolean
typeof(false) // This will return Boolean This section contains a
Lab Assignment ‘n Activity 21 st Century
Undefined: A variable that has been declared but has not been assigned a value is of type undefined.
For example: fact about the topic. Complete the following activities and tick on the circle. Skills #Technology Literacy
var a =8;
Accept a string from the user and display “Hello <Name>” in an alertbox.
a==b // This will return false
var b=5; Accept five numbers from the user and display the largest number in an alertbox.
Null: Represents the intentional absence of any object value. It is often used to indicate that a variable
Accept a number from the user and display its square and cube on the webpage.
For example: Notes
var city; reuse, and maintain.
console.log(city);
2.7 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING PRINCIPLES
Symbol (introduced in ECMAScript 6): Represents a unique and immutable value, often used as object
For example:
var favouriteDish = null; information to enrich the subject. Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the concept of hiding the implementation details of an object from the
Object-Oriented Programming is a way of writing code that focuses on objects, things that have properties
should have no value. This section contains additional Key Principles of OOP are as follows:
console.log(favouriteDish);
(characteristics) and methods (actions they can do). It helps to organise code, making it easier to understand,
BigInt (introduced in ECMAScript 2020): Represents integers with arbitrary precision, useful for very Abstraction: Abstraction is the concept of showing only the necessary information to the outside world
property keys.
For example:
the internal state of an object from external interference and misuse.
const id = Symbol('Asha'); only the essential features of an object.
outside world and only exposing the necessary information through public methods. It helps to protect
Var bigNumber = 9876543210123456789012345678901234567890n; // Note the 'n' at
large numbers. Inheritance: Inheritance is the concept of creating a new class based on an existing class. The new class
while hiding the implementation details. It helps to reduce complexity and improve modularity by exposing
For example: override the ones inherited from the parent class.
the end In JavaScript, NaN stands for "Not-a-Number" and represents a value that is not a valid or Polymorphism: Polymorphism is the concept of having multiple forms of a method or property. It allows
generic code.
inherits the properties and methods of the existing class and can also add new properties and methods or
Notes
There are more complex data types called non-primitive or reference types. These can hold multiple values or functions and arrays.
legal number.
2.8 OBJECTS IN JAVASCRIPT
objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass, enabling more flexibility and
Non-Primitive Data Types
Object: A collection of key-value pairs, where keys are strings (or symbols) and values can be of any data
complex information. They can be changed and include:
In JavaScript, almost everything is an object with the exception of six things: null, undefined, strings, numbers,
booleans, and symbols. These are known as primitive types. An object is anything that isn’t a primitive value.
This covers constructors, functions, and arrays. Yes! we will see later in the chapter, objects also include
type. JavaScript Part 2 151 180 Touchpad Web Applications (Ver. 2.0)-XII
For example:
var person = {
How can one overcome the barrier?
To avoid misinterpretations and
Avoid establishing biases and maintain
Audio and visual In a noisy location, you might not be
able to hear the other person clearly.
objectivity when communicating with
Factor How does a factor become a barrier? distractions, create a suitable setting.
distractions Based on previous experiences and people.
encounters, you may have established
Personal feelings, such as preconceived Allow the other person to finish their
Previous
experiences or biases or preconceptions. sentence before responding.
mindset notions about the other person may #Media Literacy
Personal
Video Session considerations influence your listening. 21 st Century Skills #Communication
Video Session
This section contains link of Watch the video of "5 SIMPLE WAYS to IMPROVE Your COMMUNICATION SKILLS! " at the
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K95YlxXh054
or scan the QR code and answer the following question:
videos related to topics to given link:
Write any two ways to improve communication skills.
enrich the subject.
Lab Assignment ‘n Activity
Effective communication abilities enable us to convey the message
__________________
1. State True or False. __________________
__________________
b. ‘Active listening’ is the best type of listening. __________________
A lack of effective communication skills can lead to frustration.
d. Communication requires a receiver who encodes and transmits a message
a. accurately and completely.
c. e. Based on previous experiences and encounters, you may have established __________________
across a channel.
a. In the __________________ phase of active listening, we determine the worth and significance
biases or preconceptions.
2. Fill in the blanks.
b. Eye Contact is one of the most important parts of __________________.
Feedback can be either __________________ or __________________.
of the message.
e. __________________ combines a desire to understand with the ability to support and
c. d. To listen properly, you must physically remove all __________________.
empathise with the speaker.
Touchpad Web Applications (Ver. 2.0)-XII
26
Recap Zone
Ð
Array: A collection of elements stored in a single variable. Arrays can hold multiple data types and
GLOSSARY Ð Ð writing.
Cloud Computing: The delivery of computing services like storage, processing, and networking
individuals through the use of words, symbols, signs, or behaviour.
Ð Communication is a two-way process in which information or messages are communicated between
are indexed starting from 0. Glossary Ð understood the message.
Ð To learn a language, four fundamental skills must be developed: listening, speaking, reading, and
Cyber Laws in India: A set of legal regulations governing digital activities, cybercrimes, and online
receiver who decodes the message and provides feedback.
Ð Communication requires a sender who encodes and transmits a message across a channel, and a
over the internet, reducing reliance on local infrastructure. This section contains Ð Ð Ð Ð Messages can be readily misconstrued if the ability to listen attentively is not present.
Data Privacy: The practice of protecting personal and sensitive information from unauthorized Ð relationships, and improves productivity.
Ð Feedback is vital in communication since it allows you to determine whether or not the receiver
access, ensuring individuals have control over how their data is collected, used, and shared.
transactions, ensuring data protection, privacy, and security under laws like the IT Act, 2000. definition of common Ð Ð One of the most fundamental communication abilities is the ability to listen.
Digital Marketing: The use of online platforms and digital technologies to promote products, terms. Ð Ð Ð To ensure active listening, use the acronym ‘RESPECT.’
Ð Effective communication abilities enable us to convey the message accurately and entirely.
Document Object Model: A programming interface that allows JavaScript to interact with and Ð Ð a sentence.
Ð Active listening is a crucial skill in professional settings, as it enhances communication, strengthens
others, and as a result, your general well-being.
services, or brands to targeted audiences.
Ð Active listening can have an impact on your job effectiveness, the quality of your relationships with
Event Handling: A process in JavaScript that allows executing code in response to user actions. Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs are the basic parts of speech.
manipulate HTML elements dynamically.’
Event: An action that occurs on a webpage, such as a button click, key press, or mouse hover.
Ð There are many barriers to active listening like biases, being preoccupied, and audio or visual distractions.
Function: A reusable block of code in JavaScript that performs a specific task and can be invoked
Ð Parts of speech are the classifications of words in any language that are based on their function inside
Ð In English, there are 15 primary punctuation symbols or signs.
Ð A ‘sentence’ is a combination of words that conveys a complete meaning, thought, or action.
multiple times. Functions can be declared using function keyword.
Intellectual Property: Legal rights that protect creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary Ð Ð When composing a paragraph, make sure all the sentences share the same idea.
imperative.
Ð A well-constructed sentence typically includes a subject and a predicate.
works, designs, and symbols, ensuring exclusive ownership and preventing unauthorized use.
Internet of Things: A network of interconnected devices that collect, exchange, and process data Recap Zone Solved Exercise
Ð Sentences can be simple or complex, active or passive, declarative or interrogative or exclamatory or
through the internet for automation and smart operations.
Math Object: A built-in JavaScript object that provides mathematical functions and constants. This section contains the A. Choose the correct option. (Objective Type Questions)
Objects: A data structure in JavaScript that stores key-value pairs. Objects can have properties
Section A
Social Media Etiquette: A set of best practices for respectful and responsible behavior on social
i.
Evaluating
(variables) and methods (functions).
1. Which of the following is NOT a phase of active listening?
summary of the chapter.
media, ensuring privacy, professionalism, and appropriate communication.
iii. Understanding
String: A sequence of characters used to store text in JavaScript. Strings are enclosed in single
ii. Receiving
i.
iv. Post
Eye contact
2. Which of the following is a barrier to active listening?
iii. Gestures
411
Glossary
ii. Being preoccupied
quotes or double quotes.
iv. Avoiding distractions
Communication Skills-IV
33

