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Components of ICT
            There are six components of ICT:


                                             Data                            People





                                     Procedures           Components               Software
                                                             of ICT


                                                                                  Hardware
                                      Information


               • Data: It is an individual unit that contains raw material given as input in ICT system. This data is interpreted
              to generate an information/processed data. For example, student marks of all subjects entered in a system.
               • Procedures: These are methods used to pass  data and information to people involved in ICT system. For
              example, using code designed in any specific computer language to generate a report card.
               • Information: It is the processed data or output/result generated in ICT system. For example, generating report
              card of marks entered as data.
               • People: People involved in giving input and generating output using the procedures. They use the generated
              information for the specific purpose. For example, marks entered by the teacher, report generated by staff of
              computer department in a school.
               • Software: These are programs and applications used in ICT system. These are available both as front end and
              back end tools. For example, MS Word, MS Excel and Visual Basic.
               • Hardware: All physical components of the ICT system which we can touch and feel are called hardware. For
              example— Input  Devices (mouse and  keyboard),  Output  Devices (Monitor  and  Printer),  Processing Device
              (Central Processing Unit) and Storage Devices (Hard Disk).


                    What is a Computer?

            “Man is still the most extraordinary computer of all”                                 —John F. Kennedy

            A  computer  is  an  electronic  device  that  takes an  input  from the  user  and  processes it  in  a  desired  way  and
            generates an output in a specific format. This processed data can also be stored in a storage device for future use
            with keyboard, mouse, speakers, printer. Computer as a term is not a single unit. It is combination of two major
            components:
               • Hardware: All the physical components of a computer which we can touch and see are called hardware. They
              are visible parts of the computer. For example— keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, motherboard, etc.
               • Software: A set of instructions that we give to a computer to get the work done is called software. Let us take
              an example of our mobile phone. The mobile that we buy is hardware and the applications that we install on it
              are software.
               • Software can be categorised in two types:
                 ✶ System Software: Software that is required to control the functions of a computer is called system software.
                It refers to a program that works as a manager of the computer.
                Without system software, we cannot use a computer. Some of the examples of system software are:
                Operating systems like Windows, DOS (Disk Operating System),Mobile OS, MAC OS, etc.
                Basic system utilities like disk formatters, file managers,etc.



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