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04


                                                                     PROGRAMMING IN JAVA

















                        Learning Objectives

                    4.1  Procedure-Oriented Programming Language      4.2  Object-Oriented Programming Language
                    4.3  Components of Object-Oriented Programming    4.4  Basic Principles of OOP
                    4.5   History of Java                             4.6  Types of Java Programming
                    4.7  Java Compilation Process                     4.8  Different Libraries used in Java
                    4.9  Java Reserved Words                          4.10 Comments
                    4.11 Advantages and Disadvantages of Java
                    4.12 Basic input/output using Scanner and Printer classes from JDK


                 Programming languages are computer languages that are used to write computer programs following some set
                 of rules. There are two types of programming languages: Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP) language and
                 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) language.

                                                            Programming Languages





                                     Procedure-Oriented Languages              Object-Oriented Languages


                     4.1 PROCEDURE-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
                 In Procedure-Oriented Programming language, emphasis is given more to functions than the data values. Here, the data
                 values flow freely between different functions as per the instructions given in the program code. High-level languages such
                 as COBOL, BASIC, etc. are some examples of procedure-oriented programming languages or procedural programming.

                                                               Definition


                      The programming language that breaks down a programming code into a group of variables, data structures and
                      subprograms is called Procedure-Oriented Programming language.




                 Procedural programming splits the programming code into events or procedures, also known as routines or functions
                 which contain a series of steps or instructions to be carried out one after another. It follows the top-down approach.


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