Page 177 - Computer Science V2.0 Class 11

The operators in Python can also be grouped by the type of operation they do, as enumerated below:
● Arithmetic operators ● Relational Operators
● Assignment operators ● Logical Operators
● Identity Operators ● Membership Operators

7.5.1 Arithmetic Operators

The arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations – addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
floor division, modulus, and exponentiation. Table 7.1 describes some of the arithmetic operators supported by Python.
Table 7.1: Arithmetic Operators

Operator Operation Description Examples

+ addition of numbers Adds two numeric values >>> -45 + 30
-15
concatenation of strings, Concatenates the string on the RHS
lists, tuples of the operator to the string on the >>> 'Uttar' + 'Pradesh'
LHS of the operator 'UttarPradesh'
- subtraction Subtracts the operand on the RHS of >>> 100 - 82
the operator from the operand on 18
the LHS. >>> -222 - 150
-372
* multiplication of numbers Multiplies the operands on either >>> 45 * 10
side of the operator 450
>>> -50 * 3
concatenate a string to -150
itself multiple times Replicates the string >>> "Hello" * 3
'HelloHelloHello'
/ division Divides the operand on the LHS of >>> 410 / 5
the operator by the operand on the 82.0
RHS and yields the quotient as a float >>> -75 / 6
value -12.5
// floor division or integer Divides the operand on the LHS side >>> 39 // 4
division of the operator by the operand on the 9
RHS and yields the quotient. When >>> -75 // 6
the operands include a floating point -13
number, the result is a floating point >>> 8 // 2.5
number whose value is the greatest 3.0
integer <= the number resulting from >>> -8 // 2.5
division. -4.0
% modulus Divides the operand (say m) on the >>> 75 % 4
LHS of the operator by the operand 3
(say n) on the RHS of the operator, >>> 12.5 % 4
and yields the remainder (r), 0.5
according to the equation: >>> -75 % 4
r = m - (m // n) * n 1
** exponentiation Computes a >>> 5 ** 3
b
125
>>> -4 ** 4
-256
>>> 4 ** 4
256

Data Types and Operators 163