Page 401 - Computer Science V2.0 Class 11

13.7.5 Nested Tuples
As mentioned earlier, tuples may contain other compound objects, including lists, dictionaries, and other tuples. So, as
a special case, tuples may be nested inside of other tuples.
Example:

>>> birthDates = ((8, 'August'), (1, 'October'), (30, 'September'))
13.7.6 Elements of Tuple may Mutable

We have seen above that a tuple is an immutable object. However, an element of a tuple may be mutable.
For example,
>>> discipline = ('Science', ['Physics', 'Chemistry', 'Biology'])
>>> discipline[1].append('Environment Science')
>>> discipline
('Science', ['Physics', 'Chmistry', 'Biology', 'Environment Science'])
Table 13.3: Commonly Used Built-in Functions on Tuples
S. No. Function Description Examples

1. len() It returns the number of >>> len((1, 3, 'Mon', 'Wed'))
elements in a tuple. 4

>>> len(())
0
2. max(tpl) It returns the largest >>> tpl=(3, -2, 0, 78, 25)

argument element from >>> max(tpl)
the tuple: tpl. 78
3. min(tpl) It returns the smallest >>> tpl=(3, -2, 0, 78, 25)

element from the >>> min(tpl)
tuple: tpl. -2
4. sum(tpl [,num]) It returns the sum of all >>> tpl =(1, 3, 5, 7)

values in the tuple: tpl. >>> sum(tpl)
The optional argument 16
num, when provided, is >>> sum(tpl, 5)
added to the sum of the
elements of the tuple. 21
5. mean(tpl) It returns the mean of >>> from statistics import mean
the elements of a tuple. >>> tpl = (4, 2, 5, 9)

>>> mean(tpl)
5
13.8 Tuple Operations

Likewise, strings and lists, Python also supports a variety of operations on tuples. Below we illustrate some important
operations on tuples.
>>> greetings = ('Good Morning', 'Good Afternoon')
>>> marks = (78, 99, 34, 45)
>>> dateOfBirth = (1, 'October', 1990)
● Concatenation Operator +: The concatenation operator concatenates and yields a tuple comprising the elements
of the first tuple, followed by the elements of the second tuple.
>>> dayGreetings = greetings + ('Good Night',)
>>> dayGreetings
('Good Morning', 'Good Afternoon', 'Good Night')
Lists and Tuples 387