Page 476 - Computer Science V2.0 Class 11

5. Clear cookies and cache: When you visit a website, it may store small pieces of text, called cookies so that it can
keep track of the users’ preferences, and provide the users a more satisfying experience. A cache is employed to
store the website content and page resource in the browser for long run purposes. It helps to decrease the loading
time of a web page. To avoid any misuse by some hacker, it is always a good practice to clear browsing data including
cookies and cache from time to time. Fig 15.11 depicts an option to clear browsing data, cookies etc. on Google
Chrome under security and privacy settings.

Fig 15.11: Clearing browsing data, cookies etc. on Google Chrome under security and privacy settings.

15.6 Data Protection

Data protection is defending sensitive information against loss, tampering, or corruption. Massive amounts of data are
produced, stored, and distributed in the digital age, necessitating methods for securing the data or recovering it if it
has been compromised. In the following section, we will learn about data protection.
15.6.1 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

The work done by a person or an organisation using their mind and creativity is called intellectual property. Intellectual
Property Rights (IPRs) are the rights that an individual or organisation has to their intellectual property. This intellectual
property comprises intangible assets such as literary works, artistic works, and works related to music. Intellectual
rights include patents, copyright, industrial design rights, trademarks, trade dress, and trade secrets. Common IPR
violations include piracy of software, plagiarism (claiming illegitimate ownership of scientific or literary work produced
by someone else), trademark violations, patent violations, copyright violations, etc.
Copyright

When an author or an organisation sets a work in a physical form of expression, they have a copyright on it that
prevents others from claiming its ownership. There are many other kinds of works that fall under the purview of
copyright law, such as drawings, pictures, illustrations, musical compositions, sound recordings, computer programs,
novels, poetry, blog posts, movies, architectural creations, plays, and much more.

Patent
A patent is a property right that an autonomous body (or a sovereign state) grants to the inventor for a specific
amount of time. It provides a detailed description of an invention in the form of a document. It makes sure that
the patented invention can only be produced, imported, used, and sold with the permission of the patent owner.

462 Touchpad Computer Science (Ver. 2.0)-XI