Page 547 - Computer Science V2.0 Class 11

Glossary

✥ Address Bus: It is used to transfer addresses of memory locations for the CPU to perform read/write operations in the memory.
✥ Adware: An adware is a software that displays advertisements to users of the Internet and mobile applications.
✥ Algorithm: A sequence of steps to be followed in solving a problem.
✥ Apache: Apache is an open-source software project, an initiative by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF).

✥ Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the CPU performs all arithmetic (+,-,*,/) and logical
(>,<,>=,<=,<>) operations.

✥ Assembler: It converts the program written in assembly language to machine language.
✥ Assignment Operators: Assignment operators are used to assign the value of the operand on the right-hand side of the
operator to the operand on the left-hand side of the operator.

✥ Boot sector virus: A boot sector virus is a virus that affects the boot sector of the disks.
✥ break statement: The break statement terminates the same loop in which it is defined and moves the control to the next
statement immediately following the loop.

✥ Built-in functions: A function is invoked using the function’s name followed by the sequence of arguments (separated by
commas) within a pair of matching parentheses.

✥ Cache Memory: The cache memory is a special high speed memory storing the most recently accessed data.
✥ Compiler: A compiler converts a program written in a high-level language to an equivalent program in the computer’s machine
language.

✥ Concatenation Operator +: The concatenation operator concatenates and yields a tuple comprising the elements of the first
tuple.

✥ Conditional Flow: In case of conditional flow, the execution of the statements depends upon a conditional expression.
✥ Conditional Statements: A conditional statement may also be referred to as a decision-making statement or branching
statement.

✥ continue Statement: When a continue statement is encountered, the remaining statement(s) in the loop is skipped and the
control jumps to the beginning of the loop for the next iteration.

✥ Control Bus: It is used to transfer control signals between various computer components.
✥ Control Unit (CU): The Control Unit (CU) controls the execution of instructions and the flow of data amongst the components
of a computer.

✥ Copyright Infringement: The use or creation of copyright-protected works without the owner’s consent is copyright
infringement.

✥ Copyright: When an author or an organisation sets a work in a physical form of expression, they have a copyright on it that
prevents others from claiming its ownership.

✥ CPU: Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the computer’s brain and is responsible for carrying out all the processing in the
computer system.

✥ Cyber Bullying: When a victim is bullied online, on social media, or in gaming communities, that is known as cyberbullying.
✥ Cyber Forensics: Cyber forensics aims to use the IT infrastructure to track cybercrimes.
✥ Cyber Law: Cyber laws are statutory provisions against various forms of cybercrime.
✥ Cyber Trolls: Trolls are comments or posts that insult or defame other users or their content.
✥ Cybercrime: Cybercrimes are crimes related to the misuse of resources available on the Internet.

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