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    Message                              Message

                        Sender            Encoding           Channel          Decoding            Receiver

                          Message                              Message                        Message

                                                              Feedback
            1.1.1 Effective Communication

            Effective  communication  necessitates  the  ability  to  communicate  messages  that  are  clear,  concise  and  accurate.  A
            straightforward statement provides the exact idea that you want to send to the other person. We have two sentences
            here. Which of the following do you believe is a clear statement?
            Statement 1: A student tells his teacher, “I have a football match on 30th November at 10 am. Kindly allow me to write
            the exam the next day.”
            Statement 2: A student tells his teacher, “I have a football match. Kindly allow me to write the exam the next day.”

            Now, let’s consider the replies in each situation.
            Statement 1: The teacher replied, “Ok. You may write the exam the next day.”
            Statement 2: The teacher replied, “You have already missed many days. If you cannot balance sports and studies, it will
            be difficult for you to get good grades.”
            As you can observe in the second statement, there is no need for the teacher to talk about the student’s grades in the
            current scenario. This could have been shared separately or in a different forum like a PTM.
            An accurate statement is factual, in the sense that its correctness can be proved. Let us see more examples:

               • The metro will arrive late at the Rajiv Chowk station by 5 minutes.
               • The metro will arrive late at the Rajiv Chowk station.
               • Your application for new job is incomplete: contact number and address is missing.

               • Your application for new job is incomplete.
            As  you  can  see,  quantitative  information  is  mentioned  in  the  first  line,  that  makes  the  sentence  accurate.  Our
            communication must be clear, brief and accurate. Effective communication abilities enable us to convey the message
            accurately  and  completely.  Confusion,  frustration,  lost  effort,  and  missed  opportunities  can  all  arise  from  a  lack  of
            communication skills.

            1.2 LISTENING SKILLS

            Every effective communication begins with active listening. One of the most fundamental communication abilities is the
            ability to listen. It is critical to learn to pay whole attention to the person with whom you are conversing. Some of the
            reasons why listening attentively is crucial are listed below:

               • We listen to gather information.
               • We listen to comprehend.
               • We listen to have fun, learn, develop and sustain relationships.

               • We listen to resolve issues.
            Messages can be readily misconstrued if the ability to listen attentively is not present. As a result, communication breaks
            down and the sender of the message may become angry or irritated.

               4    Touchpad Data Science-XII

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