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    Phases of Active Listening
                ‘Active listening’ is the best type of listening. It occurs when you hear, comprehend, respond to, and recall what is being
                spoken. The following are the five phases or stages of active listening:

                1.   Receiving: This involves paying attention to the speaker and actively taking in the information being communicated
                   without distractions.
                2.   Understanding: This means comprehending the message by interpreting words, tone, and non-verbal cues correctly.

                3.  Remembering: This refers to retaining and recalling key information from the conversation when needed.
                4.   Evaluating: This is the process of analysing and assessing the message to determine its validity, importance, and
                   relevance.
                5.   Responding: This involves providing feedback through verbal or non-verbal means to show that the message has
                   been received and understood.

                How can active listening be ensured?
                To ensure active listening, use the acronym ‘RESPECT:’

                R –  Remove  (distractions),  such  as  phone  notifications,  background  noise,  or  multitasking,  to  focus  entirely  on  the
                   speaker.

                E –  Eye contact with the speaker to show attentiveness and engagement. This signals that you are actively listening and
                   interested in what they are saying.
                S –  Show that you are paying close attention to the speaker through gestures. Use non-verbal cues like nodding, smiling,
                   or leaning slightly forward to demonstrate interest and encouragement. This reassures the speaker that they are
                   being heard.
                P –  Pay attention and concentrate on what the speaker is saying. Focus on the speaker’s words, tone, and emotions
                   without planning your response.
                E –  Empathise with the speaker’s feelings. Understand and share the speaker’s feelings by putting yourself in their shoes.
                C – Clear up any doubts, ask questions.
                T –  Tune in to the speaker's timing, i.e., wait for the speaker to complete before responding. This ensures they feel truly
                   heard and valued.

                Overcoming Barriers to Active Listening
                You must have now understood the phases of active listening and various factors affecting active listening. Let us now
                attempt to comprehend how to overcome barriers to active listening.

                 Factor                How does a factor become a barrier?   How can one overcome the barrier?
                 Being preoccupied     When you are preoccupied, you         Don't let your emotions take over your thoughts.
                                       may not pay close attention to what   Phones and digital devices should be kept at a
                                       someone is saying.                    distance.
                 Audio and visual      In a noisy location, you might not be   To avoid misinterpretations and distractions,
                 distractions          able to hear the other person clearly.  create a suitable setting.
                 Previous experiences   Based on previous experiences and    Avoid establishing biases and maintain
                 or mindset            encounters, you may have established   objectivity when communicating with people.
                                       biases or preconceptions.
                 Personal              Personal feelings, such as preconceived   Allow the other person to finish their sentence
                 considerations        notions about the other person may    before responding.
                                       influence your listening.

                                                                                         Communication Skills-III   7

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