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When you were a child, you were taught about alphabets and numbers. Do you still remember
            it?  How?  This is because these  were  stored  in  your  memory.  Just  like human  memory,
            computers also have memory to store all the data and instructions for performing various

            tasks.

            Data and Information

            In your daily life, you come across a lot of facts and figures in the form of numbers, images,
            etc. These are called data. You can say that a collection of raw and unorganised facts is
            known as data. When you organise the data and provide a specific context, it can be called

            information.

            Memory

            The data and instructions that are entered into the computer using input devices are to be
            stored inside the memory. There are two types of memory:
            1. Primary Memory

            2. Secondary Memory

            Primary Memory
            This is the main memory of the computer. The CPU can directly access this memory. It is

            fixed on the motherboard of the computer.
            Primary memory is further divided into two types:

            1. Random Access Memory (RAM)
            2. Read Only Memory (ROM)

            Random Access Memory (RAM)

            RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored in
            this memory is lost when the computer is turned off. That
            is why it is also called volatile memory. It stores data and

            instructions given by the user and also the results produced by the computer temporarily.

            Types of RAM:
            1.  Dynamic RAM (DRAM): It requires continuous power to refresh the data stored.

            2.  Static RAM (SRAM): It also requires constant power to hold on to data, but it does not
               need to be continuously refreshed the way DRAM does.

              However, SRAM is significantly faster and uses less power than DRAM.
            Read Only Memory (ROM)


            Information stored in ROM is permanent in nature, that is, it holds the data
            even if the system is switched off. It holds the starting instructions that
            are required to start a computer. It is also called non-volatile memory.

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