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The computers on the network can communicate with each other as well as work independently.
                  Each computer in a network is called a node. The computers in the network maybe linked through
                  a cable, hub, switch, NIC (Network Interface Card), modem or router.

                   i +  NEED FOR COMPUTER NETWORK

                  Networking is a way of getting all the devices to communicate with each other and use the same
                  data files and resources through a physical pathway called the transmission medium (cables).
                  This connection between devices can be either wired or wireless. Network serves the following

                  important purposes:
                  •  It allows information or files to be shared with other computers in the network.
                  •  It allows computers in the network to share hardware like printers, scanners, fax machines,
                     hard disks, etc.
                  •  It allows sharing of application software over the network.
                  •  It allows rapid communication such as e-mail, messaging, etc.
                  •  It allows us to store information in one centralised location.

                  •  It is a cost-effective method.
                   i +  ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORK


                  The advantages of computer network are:
                  •  The information can be easily shared with others.
                  •  It reduces the cost of hardware.
                  •  Store information in one centralised location.
                  •   Reliability implies backing up of information.  If a system  crashes, then the information is
                     accessible on another workstation for future use.

                  •  Reduction in installation cost.
                  •  User authentication process to secure the data.
                  •   People will have access to all the information they need to get and share through e-mail and
                     instant messaging which saves time and money in passing information.

                   i +  COMPONENTS OF A NETWORK

                  There are mainly five components of a network, which are as follows:

                  •  Sender: A sender is a computer that wants to send information to other computer connected
                     to the network.
                  •   Receiver: A receiver is a computer which is expecting the data from another computer on the
                     network.
                  •   Transmission Medium: A transmission medium is a communication channel through which
                     information is transferred from one computer to another on a network.
                  •   Message: A message is the information or data which needs to be transferred from one
                     computer to another.
                  •  Protocol: A protocol is a set of standard rules used for communication.






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