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Rules for Using Functions
• All Excel functions must begin with the = sign.
• Function name must be a valid name.
• Function must be followed by opening and closing parenthesis.
Categories of Functions
Excel provides the following categories of functions:
• Statistical Functions: These functions calculate the maximum, minimum, average etc., of a
set of numeric data.
• Financial Functions: These functions calculate interest on a loan, the number of instalment
of a loan, the amount of every installment, etc.
• Date and Time Functions: These functions are used to perform different types of operations
on day, month, and year of a date and the hour, minute, and second of a particular time.
• Mathematical Functions: These functions perform mathematical calculations on the specified
arguments.
• Logical Functions: These functions evaluate conditions such as X > 5 and give the result as
true or false.
• Text Functions: These functions perform a number of operations on strings (i.e. a collection
of characters like 'hello', 'friend', 'computer', etc.), such as finding the length of a string, joining
two strings, searching for one string inside another, etc.
• Database Functions: These functions perform basic operations, such as Sum, Average, Count,
etc., and additionally use criteria arguments, that allow you to perform the calculation only for
a specified subset of the records in your Database.
• Information Functions: These functions provide information about a specific cell, such as
the type of data it contains, whether it textual or numeric.
• Lookup and Reference Functions: These functions locate specific values in specific cells.
Let us discuss some of these categories in detail.
Mathematical Functions
Functions Purpose Example
Input: =SUM(4,8,12,16)
SUM(range) It returns the sum of a range.
Output: 40
It multiplies the values in a range Input: =PRODUCT(4,2,8)
PRODUCT(range)
of cells. Output: 64
It returns the remainder after a Input: =MOD(8,5)
MOD(number, divisor)
number is divided by the divisor. Output: 3
It returns the square root of the Input: =SQRT(81)
SQRT(number)
given number. Output: 9
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iPlus (Ver. 2.0)-VIII

