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Program Coding




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                         Learning Outcomes



                             Introducing Java                                   Features of Java

                             What Is an Object and a Class?                     Introducing BlueJ

                             Interface of BlueJ                                 Creating First Project Using BlueJ
                             Structure of a Java Program                        Basic Fundamentals of Java

                             Operators                                          Writing Some More Programs
                             Taking Values as Arguments




                 We use various types of applications to perform different operations, such as drawing, writing
                 documents and creating presentations. These applications are also known as computer programs.
                 A computer program can be defined as a collection of instructions to perform a specific task.
                 The process of writing a program is called program coding or programming.

                 We use different languages, such as Hindi, English, Gujarati, etc., to communicate with each other.
                 But, a computer cannot understand these languages. So, we need a special language through
                 which we can communicate with the computer. The language that a computer can understand
                 is known as a programming language. All the programs running on a computer are written by
                 using different types of programming languages. There are mainly two types of programming
                 languages: procedural and object-oriented. A procedural language is a programming language
                 that uses small functions or procedures to perform operations in a sequential manner. Some of the
                 procedural programming languages are C, BASIC, and FORTRAN. On the other hand, an object-

                 oriented language is a programming language that uses objects and classes in a non-sequential
                 manner. Some of the object-oriented programming languages are C++, Java, and Python. In this
                 chapter, we will learn more about Java, which is a popular object-oriented programming language.

                  i +  INTRODUCING JAVA

                 Java is an object-oriented and high-level programming language. It was developed by James
                 Gosling at Sun Microsystems in 1995. It was acquired by Oracle in 2010. Initially, Java was used
                 to develop Internet-based applications, also known as Applets.



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