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TYPES OF DATABASES
There are mainly two types of databases:
Flat File Database: It is a type of database that contains records having a
less number of fields without any structured relationship between them. The
most popular example of a flat file database is Excel 2019.
Relational Database: It is a type of database that stores data in several
tables and links those tables together to get a common piece of information.
Excel 2019
Commonly used relational database systems are Microsoft Access, ORACLE,
Microsoft SQL Server, etc.
Clickipedia
The relational database was proposed by Edgar F. Codd. He gave a set of thirteen rules
(Codd’s rules) to define a Relational Database Management System.
TERMS RELATED TO A DATABASE
Data is stored in the table of a database, as shown in the diagram given below.
FIELDS
Primary key
Reg No. Student's Name Father’s Name Date of Birth Class
187/11 Krishna Kant Mr. K.S. Kant 15/08/2007 VIII
RECORDS 156/12 Rishi Sharma Mr. N.K. Sharma 22/10/2008 IX
194/11
Suraj Patel
16/04/2008
IX
Mr. G.S. Patel
123/12 Priyansh Sagar Mr. P.K. Sagar 18/06/2007 VIII
The commonly used terms in a relational database are:
Table: Table is also knowns as Relation. It is a group of related data organised in columns
and rows in a database. The columns contain a number of headings such as Reg No., Name,
Father's Name, Date of Birth, Class, etc. These columns are also known as a Fields. A set of
values for the fields is called a Record. A record is one row of the table.
Primary Key: It is a unique field by which the records are uniquely identified in a table. A table
can have only one primary key. For example, in a table 'Student's detail' the 'Reg No.' can be
referred to as primary key.
Query: A query is the most powerful object in a database. It helps you retrieve information
from a table based on some criteria or conditions. You can find, and retrieve data from the
database just by creating and running the query.
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