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Number System
Chapter
02
Your Aim
to learn about:
What is a Number System? Decimal to Binary Conversion
Binary to Decimal Conversion Operations on Binary Numbers
Although the words 'data' and 'information' are often used interchangeably, there is an important
distinction between the two. In a strict sense, 'data' consists of raw numbers that computers
organise to produce information.
From an early age, we are introduced to the concept of numbers and counting. Toddlers learn
that they can carry two cookies, one in each hand. Kindergarteners start counting by twos and
fives. Invariably, we use the Decimal Number System, which is based on 10, most likely because
we have 10 fingers. Let us learn more about the number system.
Clickipedia
✶ The numerical digits we use today, such as 1, 2, and 3, are based on the Hindu-Arabic
numeral system developed over a thousand years ago.
✶ The number 0 is known by various names, including zero, nought, naught, nil, zilch,
and zip.
WHAT IS A NUMBER SYSTEM?
A number system is simply a method of counting. Many different number systems exist.
Consider a digital clock: it has 24 hours, each hour composed of 60 minutes, and each
minute composed of 60 seconds. When you learnt to count, you used numbers like 1, 2, 3,
etc. Similarly, computers use their own number system, known as the Binary Number System.
Digital computers represent all kinds of data and information—such as audio, graphics, video,
text, and numbers—in binary form. The total number of digits used in a number system is called
the base or radix. Therefore, when someone says that they are working with a number system
of radix 2, it means base 2, that is, the Binary Number System. The base is written as a subscript
after the number, such as (512) . In this example, the number 10 is written as a subscript to
10
indicate that the number is in the Decimal Number System.
Number System 21

