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The computers on the network can communicate with each other as well as work independently.
Each computer in a network is called a node. The computers in the network may be linked
through a cable, hub, switch, NIC (Network Interface Card), modem, or router.
There are different kinds of computer networks that work in different ways. Networks may be
very small and simple or they may be complex as a global network like the Internet. There may
be a wired or wireless connection between computers on the network.
NEED FOR COMPUTER NETWORK
Computers and other devices connected to a network help in:
Resource Sharing: Helps users share files and hardware devices such as printers, scanners, etc.
Communication: Helps us communicate with others through e-mail, video conferencing,
instant messaging, etc.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
The advantages of computer network are:
Information can be easily shared by people.
Reduces the cost of hardware.
Stores information in one central location.
Backs up information. If a system crashes, then the information is accessible on another
workstation for future use.
Installation cost is reduced.
Data is secured through user authentication process.
Users can access and share information through e-mails and instant messaging, saving time
and money.
COMPONENTS OF A DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
There are mainly five components of a data communication system, which are as follows:
Sender: A sender is a computer that wants to send information to another computer connected
to the network.
Receiver: A receiver is a computer that is waiting for data from another computer on the network.
Transmission Medium: A transmission medium is a communication channel through which
information is transferred from one computer to another on a network.
Message: A message is the information or data that needs to be transferred from one
computer to another.
Protocol: A protocol is a set of standard rules used for communication.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES
There are several terms related to a computer network. Let us discuss some of them.
Server
A server is also called a host computer. It controls access to the hardware and software on the
network. It provides a centralised storage area for the programs, data, and information.
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