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CONTENTS






                  01   Evolution of Computers                                                                       07
                       q  Early Counting Tools                            q   Abacus—First Calculating Device
                       q  Pascaline Adding Machine                        q   Leibniz Step Reckoner
                       q  Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine             q   Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs
                       q  Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine           q   Computer Generations
                  02   Working with Windows 7                                                                       14
                       q  Files and Folders                              q   Windows Explorer
                       q  Organising Files and Folders                   q   Creating a New File or Folder
                       q  Opening Files or Folders                       q   Selecting Files or Folders
                       q  Copying/Cutting and Pasting Files or Folders   q   Renaming a File or Folder
                       q  Deleting a File or Folder                      q   Restoring a Deleted File or Folder
                       Periodic Assessment-1                                                                        22
                  03   Algorithm and Flowcharts                                                                     23
                       q  Algorithm                        q  Flowcharts                      q  Programming
                  04   Introduction to Scratch                                                                      29
                       q  Starting Scratch                 q   Features of Scratch            q  Scratch Window
                       q  Choosing a Sprite                q   Resizing a Sprite              q  Deleting a Sprite
                       q  Choosing a Backdrop              q   Scratch Blocks                 q  Creating a Script
                       q  Full Screen Mode                 q   Saving a Project               q  Quitting a Project
                       Periodic Assessment-2                                                                        37
                       Test Sheet-1                                                                                 38
                  05   Programming in Scratch                                                                       40
                       q  Changing a Backdrop              q   Painting a New Sprite          q  Understanding Blocks
                       q  Setting the Sprite Position      q   Creating a Script
                  06   Drawing Shapes in Scratch                                                                    46
                       q  Sprite’s Direction               q   Drawing a Square               q  Drawing a Polygon
                       q  Drawing a Circle and Semicircle   q   Drawing Patterns
                       Periodic Assessment-3                                                                        54
                  07   Advanced Blocks in Scratch                                                                   55
                       q  Creating a Simple Game           q   Operators                      q  Variables
                       q  Conditions                       q   Sensing Blocks                 q  Storing User Input
                       q  Loops
                  08   More on Internet                                                                             64

                       q  Uses of the Internet             q   Requirements to Connect to the Internet
                       q  Common Terms
                       Periodic Assessment-4                                                                        70
                       Test Sheet-2                                                                                 71

                       Project Work                                                                                 73
                       OGO Cyber Sample Questions                                                                   75
                       Explore More (Windows 10)                                                                    77
                       Keyboard Shortcuts (Scratch)                                                                 79
                       Glossary                                                                                     80


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