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✶ Biometric Authentication: Biometric
authentication is a process in which
biological characteristics such as finger
print, face and retina are used to check the
identity of an individual. In this process, a
biometric machine is used to capture the
biological details of a person and compare
these details with the existing details, which
are stored in computer. It is an automated
method of recognising a person’s identity by
using his/her biological characteristics. Biometric Authentication
(i) Face Recognition: Face recognition is
the process to identify an individual by
using his/her facial features. Biometric
machine captures the facial image or
video of person's face. This image is
transformed into a unique faceprint. The
image is transformed using a technique
called 'elastic graph matching'. Images
are sent to a back-end database for
comparison and possible match.
Algebraic algorithms are used to
Face Recognition
make a perfect match. Currently, face
recognition technique is most widely used in smartphones.
Tech
Funda
Biometrics were used during prehistoric times.
Chinese used finger prints in the 14th century for identification.
In the 17th century, finger prints were used to seal official documents.
(ii) Iris and Retinal Recognition: Biometrics which analyse the complex and unique
characteristics of the eyes can be divided into two different types:
Iris biometrics: Iris is the coloured band of tissue that surrounds the pupil of the
eye. An iris recognition system uses a video camera to capture the sample while the
software compares the resulting data against stored templates.
Retina biometrics: Retina is the layer of blood vessels at the back of the eye. A retinal
recognition system shoots an infrared light beam into eye that has been placed closed
to the signal receiver.
Then, the gentic factors are entracted and analysed by the analyser to grant access.
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